Current Projects

2021 [ nach oben ]

1.
Weigl, S., Wittmann, E., Rück, T., Bierl, R., Matysik, F.-M.: Effects of ambient parameters and cross-sensitivities from O2, CO2 and H2O on the photoacoustic detection of acetone in the UV region. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical. 328, (2021).
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ]
 
We present a sensitive UV LED photoacoustic setup for the detection of gaseous acetone and discuss its applicability towards breath analysis. We investigated the performance of the sensor for low acetone concentrations down to 0.1 parts per million (ppmV). The influences of temperature, flow, pressure, optical power and LED duty cycle on the measured signal have been examined. To gain a better understanding of the different effects on the photoacoustic signal, correlation analysis was applied and feature importance was determined using a large measured dataset. Furthermore, the cross-sensitivities towards O2, CO2 and H2O have been studied extensively. Finally, the sensor’s performance to detect acetone between 0.1–1 ppmV within gas mixtures simulating breath exhale conditions has been investigated, too. With a limit of detection (LoD) of 12.5 parts per billion (ppbV) (3σ) measured under typical breath exhale gas mixture conditions, the sensor demonstrated a high potential for the application of acetone detection in human breath analysis.
@article{weigl2021effects, abstract = {We present a sensitive UV LED photoacoustic setup for the detection of gaseous acetone and discuss its applicability towards breath analysis. We investigated the performance of the sensor for low acetone concentrations down to 0.1 parts per million (ppmV). The influences of temperature, flow, pressure, optical power and LED duty cycle on the measured signal have been examined. To gain a better understanding of the different effects on the photoacoustic signal, correlation analysis was applied and feature importance was determined using a large measured dataset. Furthermore, the cross-sensitivities towards O2, CO2 and H2O have been studied extensively. Finally, the sensor’s performance to detect acetone between 0.1–1 ppmV within gas mixtures simulating breath exhale conditions has been investigated, too. With a limit of detection (LoD) of 12.5 parts per billion (ppbV) (3σ) measured under typical breath exhale gas mixture conditions, the sensor demonstrated a high potential for the application of acetone detection in human breath analysis.}, author = {Weigl, Stefan and Wittmann, Elisabeth and Rück, Thomas and Bierl, Rudolf and Matysik, Frank-Michael}, journal = {Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical}, keywords = {ElWitt}, number = 129001, title = {Effects of ambient parameters and cross-sensitivities from O2, CO2 and H2O on the photoacoustic detection of acetone in the UV region}, volume = 328, year = 2021 }
%0 Journal Article %1 weigl2021effects %A Weigl, Stefan %A Wittmann, Elisabeth %A Rück, Thomas %A Bierl, Rudolf %A Matysik, Frank-Michael %D 2021 %J Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical %N 129001 %T Effects of ambient parameters and cross-sensitivities from O2, CO2 and H2O on the photoacoustic detection of acetone in the UV region %U https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2020.129001 %V 328 %X We present a sensitive UV LED photoacoustic setup for the detection of gaseous acetone and discuss its applicability towards breath analysis. We investigated the performance of the sensor for low acetone concentrations down to 0.1 parts per million (ppmV). The influences of temperature, flow, pressure, optical power and LED duty cycle on the measured signal have been examined. To gain a better understanding of the different effects on the photoacoustic signal, correlation analysis was applied and feature importance was determined using a large measured dataset. Furthermore, the cross-sensitivities towards O2, CO2 and H2O have been studied extensively. Finally, the sensor’s performance to detect acetone between 0.1–1 ppmV within gas mixtures simulating breath exhale conditions has been investigated, too. With a limit of detection (LoD) of 12.5 parts per billion (ppbV) (3σ) measured under typical breath exhale gas mixture conditions, the sensor demonstrated a high potential for the application of acetone detection in human breath analysis.

2020 [ nach oben ]

1.
Schlör, D., Ring, M., Krause, A., Hotho, A.: Financial Fraud Detection with Improved Neural Arithmetic Logic Units. Springer (2020).
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ]
 
Domain specific neural network architectures have shown to improve the performance of various machine learning tasks by large margin. Financial fraud detection is such an application domain where mathematical relationships are inherently present in the data. However, this domain hasn’t attracted much attention for deep learning and the design of specific neural network architectures yet. In this work, we propose a neural network architecture which incorporates recently proposed Improved Neural Arithmetic Logic Units. These units are capable of modelling mathematical relationships implicitly within a neural network. Further, inspired by a real-world credit payment application, we construct a synthetic benchmark dataset, which reflects the problem setting of automatically capturing such mathematical relations within the data. Our novel network architecture is evaluated on two real-world and two synthetic financial fraud datasets for different network parameters. We compare our proposed model with several well-established classification approaches. The results show that the proposed model is able to improve the performance of neural networks. Further, the proposed model performs among the best approaches for each dataset.
@proceedings{schlr2020financial, abstract = {Domain specific neural network architectures have shown to improve the performance of various machine learning tasks by large margin. Financial fraud detection is such an application domain where mathematical relationships are inherently present in the data. However, this domain hasn’t attracted much attention for deep learning and the design of specific neural network architectures yet. In this work, we propose a neural network architecture which incorporates recently proposed Improved Neural Arithmetic Logic Units. These units are capable of modelling mathematical relationships implicitly within a neural network. Further, inspired by a real-world credit payment application, we construct a synthetic benchmark dataset, which reflects the problem setting of automatically capturing such mathematical relations within the data. Our novel network architecture is evaluated on two real-world and two synthetic financial fraud datasets for different network parameters. We compare our proposed model with several well-established classification approaches. The results show that the proposed model is able to improve the performance of neural networks. Further, the proposed model performs among the best approaches for each dataset.}, author = {Schlör, Daniel and Ring, Markus and Krause, Anna and Hotho, Andreas}, keywords = {mring}, number = 5, publisher = {Springer}, series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science book series (LNCS, volume 12591)}, title = {Financial Fraud Detection with Improved Neural Arithmetic Logic Units}, volume = {Fifth Workshop on MIning DAta for financial applicationS}, year = 2020 }
%0 Conference Proceedings %1 schlr2020financial %A Schlör, Daniel %A Ring, Markus %A Krause, Anna %A Hotho, Andreas %B Lecture Notes in Computer Science book series (LNCS, volume 12591) %D 2020 %I Springer %N 5 %T Financial Fraud Detection with Improved Neural Arithmetic Logic Units %V Fifth Workshop on MIning DAta for financial applicationS %X Domain specific neural network architectures have shown to improve the performance of various machine learning tasks by large margin. Financial fraud detection is such an application domain where mathematical relationships are inherently present in the data. However, this domain hasn’t attracted much attention for deep learning and the design of specific neural network architectures yet. In this work, we propose a neural network architecture which incorporates recently proposed Improved Neural Arithmetic Logic Units. These units are capable of modelling mathematical relationships implicitly within a neural network. Further, inspired by a real-world credit payment application, we construct a synthetic benchmark dataset, which reflects the problem setting of automatically capturing such mathematical relations within the data. Our novel network architecture is evaluated on two real-world and two synthetic financial fraud datasets for different network parameters. We compare our proposed model with several well-established classification approaches. The results show that the proposed model is able to improve the performance of neural networks. Further, the proposed model performs among the best approaches for each dataset.
2.
Weiss, N., Renner, S., Mottok, J., Matousek, V.: Transport Layer Scanning for Attack Surface Detection in Vehicular Networks. Transport Layer Scanning for Attack Surface Detection in Vehicular Networks. pp. 1–8. ACM Computer Science in Cars Symposium (2020).
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ] [ DOI ]
 
In the beginning of every security analysis or penetration test of a system, information about the target has to be gathered. On IT-Systems a port scan is usually performed as a first step of an investigation. Since the communication protocols differ in automotive systems, generic port scanning tools can’t be used for a security analysis of CANs. More complex protocols have a higher likelihood of implementation errors and bugs. On CAN networks, such payloads are transferred through International Standard Transport Protocol (ISO-TP) communication. We designed a new methodology to identify ISO-TP endpoints in automotive networks. Every of these endpoints can provide exploitable application layer protocols and therefor has to be considered during penetration testing and security analysis. We contribute a new scan approach for the automated evaluation of possible attack surfaces in automotive CAN networks which has a higher coverage and multiple advantages than state of the art approaches.
@inproceedings{weiss2020transport, abstract = {In the beginning of every security analysis or penetration test of a system, information about the target has to be gathered. On IT-Systems a port scan is usually performed as a first step of an investigation. Since the communication protocols differ in automotive systems, generic port scanning tools can’t be used for a security analysis of CANs. More complex protocols have a higher likelihood of implementation errors and bugs. On CAN networks, such payloads are transferred through International Standard Transport Protocol (ISO-TP) communication. We designed a new methodology to identify ISO-TP endpoints in automotive networks. Every of these endpoints can provide exploitable application layer protocols and therefor has to be considered during penetration testing and security analysis. We contribute a new scan approach for the automated evaluation of possible attack surfaces in automotive CAN networks which has a higher coverage and multiple advantages than state of the art approaches.}, author = {Weiss, Nils and Renner, Sebastian and Mottok, Jürgen and Matousek, Vaclav}, booktitle = {Transport Layer Scanning for Attack Surface Detection in Vehicular Networks}, keywords = {srenn}, month = {Dez}, number = {Article No.: 7}, pages = {1-8}, publisher = {ACM Computer Science in Cars Symposium}, title = {Transport Layer Scanning for Attack Surface Detection in Vehicular Networks}, year = 2020 }
%0 Conference Paper %1 weiss2020transport %A Weiss, Nils %A Renner, Sebastian %A Mottok, Jürgen %A Matousek, Vaclav %B Transport Layer Scanning for Attack Surface Detection in Vehicular Networks %D 2020 %I ACM Computer Science in Cars Symposium %N Article No.: 7 %P 1-8 %R 10.1145/3385958.3430476 %T Transport Layer Scanning for Attack Surface Detection in Vehicular Networks %X In the beginning of every security analysis or penetration test of a system, information about the target has to be gathered. On IT-Systems a port scan is usually performed as a first step of an investigation. Since the communication protocols differ in automotive systems, generic port scanning tools can’t be used for a security analysis of CANs. More complex protocols have a higher likelihood of implementation errors and bugs. On CAN networks, such payloads are transferred through International Standard Transport Protocol (ISO-TP) communication. We designed a new methodology to identify ISO-TP endpoints in automotive networks. Every of these endpoints can provide exploitable application layer protocols and therefor has to be considered during penetration testing and security analysis. We contribute a new scan approach for the automated evaluation of possible attack surfaces in automotive CAN networks which has a higher coverage and multiple advantages than state of the art approaches.
3.
Schmidtner, M., Timinger, H.: HyValue – a Hybrid Reference Model for the Automotive Product Development Process. IEEE TEMS Technology & Engineering Management Society (2020).
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ] [ DOI ]
 
Abstract—Traffic and environmental protection are currenttopics for modern cities. Both are heavily influenced by products of the automotive industry. In order to keep pace with technological innovation, sustainability requirements, and societal changes, the automotive industry has to improve development speed and flexibility. Efficient product development processes can help to achieve these targets. Traditionally, the automotive industry uses plan-based development process models like the waterfall or Vee-model. However, this may not be the most efficient and effective process for all suppliers partaking in automotive product development. Instead of a "one size fits all" approach, this research aims at an innovative, digital and adaptive product development process, which integrates the whole value chain including individual requirements of OEM (original equipment manufacturer) and suppliers. The process is digitally modelled as a reference model and allows for simple adaptation. Thus, it allows each development partner to use its plan-based, agile or hybrid development process while ensuring that the results of each partner fit together. Due to its flexible architecture, the adaptive reference model facilitates efficient and effective product development.
@inproceedings{schmidtnerhyvalue, abstract = {Abstract—Traffic and environmental protection are currenttopics for modern cities. Both are heavily influenced by products of the automotive industry. In order to keep pace with technological innovation, sustainability requirements, and societal changes, the automotive industry has to improve development speed and flexibility. Efficient product development processes can help to achieve these targets. Traditionally, the automotive industry uses plan-based development process models like the waterfall or Vee-model. However, this may not be the most efficient and effective process for all suppliers partaking in automotive product development. Instead of a "one size fits all" approach, this research aims at an innovative, digital and adaptive product development process, which integrates the whole value chain including individual requirements of OEM (original equipment manufacturer) and suppliers. The process is digitally modelled as a reference model and allows for simple adaptation. Thus, it allows each development partner to use its plan-based, agile or hybrid development process while ensuring that the results of each partner fit together. Due to its flexible architecture, the adaptive reference model facilitates efficient and effective product development.}, author = {Schmidtner, Markus and Timinger, Holger}, booktitle = {IEEE TEMS Technology & Engineering Management Society}, keywords = {mschdtn}, title = {HyValue – a Hybrid Reference Model for the Automotive Product Development Process}, year = 2020 }
%0 Conference Paper %1 schmidtnerhyvalue %A Schmidtner, Markus %A Timinger, Holger %B IEEE TEMS Technology & Engineering Management Society %D 2020 %R 10.1109/E-TEMS46250.2020 %T HyValue – a Hybrid Reference Model for the Automotive Product Development Process %X Abstract—Traffic and environmental protection are currenttopics for modern cities. Both are heavily influenced by products of the automotive industry. In order to keep pace with technological innovation, sustainability requirements, and societal changes, the automotive industry has to improve development speed and flexibility. Efficient product development processes can help to achieve these targets. Traditionally, the automotive industry uses plan-based development process models like the waterfall or Vee-model. However, this may not be the most efficient and effective process for all suppliers partaking in automotive product development. Instead of a "one size fits all" approach, this research aims at an innovative, digital and adaptive product development process, which integrates the whole value chain including individual requirements of OEM (original equipment manufacturer) and suppliers. The process is digitally modelled as a reference model and allows for simple adaptation. Thus, it allows each development partner to use its plan-based, agile or hybrid development process while ensuring that the results of each partner fit together. Due to its flexible architecture, the adaptive reference model facilitates efficient and effective product development.
4.
Hilpoltsteiner, D., Schmidtner, M.: ADAMO - Echtzeit Kollaboration mit adaptiven Prozessmodellen (ADAMO - Real-Time Collaboration with Adaptive Process Models). In: Michael, J., Bork, D., Fill, H.-G., Fettke, P., Karagiannis, D., Köpke, J., Koschmider, A., Mayr, H.C., Rehse, J.-R., Reimer, U., Striewe, M., Tropmann-Frick, M., and Ullrich, M. (eds.) Modellierung (Companion). pp. 193–197. CEUR-WS.org (2020).
[ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ]
 
@inproceedings{conf/modellierung/HilpoltsteinerS20a, author = {Hilpoltsteiner, Daniel and Schmidtner, Markus}, booktitle = {Modellierung (Companion)}, crossref = {conf/modellierung/2020c}, editor = {Michael, Judith and Bork, Dominik and Fill, Hans-Georg and Fettke, Peter and Karagiannis, Dimitris and Köpke, Julius and Koschmider, Agnes and Mayr, Heinrich C. and Rehse, Jana-Rebecca and Reimer, Ulrich and Striewe, Michael and Tropmann-Frick, Marina and Ullrich, Meike}, keywords = {mschdtn}, pages = {193-197}, publisher = {CEUR-WS.org}, series = {CEUR Workshop Proceedings}, title = {ADAMO - Echtzeit Kollaboration mit adaptiven Prozessmodellen (ADAMO - Real-Time Collaboration with Adaptive Process Models).}, volume = 2542, year = 2020 }
%0 Conference Paper %1 conf/modellierung/HilpoltsteinerS20a %A Hilpoltsteiner, Daniel %A Schmidtner, Markus %B Modellierung (Companion) %D 2020 %E Michael, Judith %E Bork, Dominik %E Fill, Hans-Georg %E Fettke, Peter %E Karagiannis, Dimitris %E Köpke, Julius %E Koschmider, Agnes %E Mayr, Heinrich C. %E Rehse, Jana-Rebecca %E Reimer, Ulrich %E Striewe, Michael %E Tropmann-Frick, Marina %E Ullrich, Meike %I CEUR-WS.org %P 193-197 %T ADAMO - Echtzeit Kollaboration mit adaptiven Prozessmodellen (ADAMO - Real-Time Collaboration with Adaptive Process Models). %U http://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/conf/modellierung/modellierung2020c.html#HilpoltsteinerS20a %V 2542
5.
Schmidtner, M., Timinger, H., Blust, M., Döring, C., Hilpoltsteiner, D.: Towards an adaptive reference model for agile and hybrid frameworks in automotive development. ICE/ITMC. pp. 1–10. IEEE (2020).
[ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ]
 
@inproceedings{conf/ice-itmc/SchmidtnerTBDH20, author = {Schmidtner, Markus and Timinger, Holger and Blust, Martina and Döring, Claudia and Hilpoltsteiner, Daniel}, booktitle = {ICE/ITMC}, crossref = {conf/ice-itmc/2020}, keywords = {mschdtn}, pages = {1-10}, publisher = {IEEE}, title = {Towards an adaptive reference model for agile and hybrid frameworks in automotive development.}, year = 2020 }
%0 Conference Paper %1 conf/ice-itmc/SchmidtnerTBDH20 %A Schmidtner, Markus %A Timinger, Holger %A Blust, Martina %A Döring, Claudia %A Hilpoltsteiner, Daniel %B ICE/ITMC %D 2020 %I IEEE %P 1-10 %T Towards an adaptive reference model for agile and hybrid frameworks in automotive development. %U http://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/conf/ice-itmc/ice-itmc2020.html#SchmidtnerTBDH20 %@ 978-1-7281-7037-4
6.
Kriegl, B., Woratschek, H., Raab, A.: Physicians and Institutional Work: Unpacking the Black Box of Institutionalization at the Front Lines of Healthcare. Proceedings of the European Markting Academy (2020).
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ]
 
This study responds to recent calls for work to investigate innovation from an institutional view. Although institutional change has already received considerable attention in healthcare service research, not much has been done so far to investigate the phenomenon at the front lines. In order to fill this gap, we use a case study approach with the orthopedic rehabilitation system in Germany as a case to examine how physicians actively participate in the implementation of changes that differ from existing institutions. The analysis builds on interviews with physicians, observations in clinics, and secondary data. We contribute to existing research on institutional work by identifying, mapping out, and classifying the practices in which physicians engage to disrupt existing institutions, and to create and maintain new ones. In addition, we use Scott’s framework of institutional pillars to examine the sets of practices related to regulative, normative, and cultural-cognitive institutions.
@inproceedings{noauthororeditor2020physicians, abstract = {This study responds to recent calls for work to investigate innovation from an institutional view. Although institutional change has already received considerable attention in healthcare service research, not much has been done so far to investigate the phenomenon at the front lines. In order to fill this gap, we use a case study approach with the orthopedic rehabilitation system in Germany as a case to examine how physicians actively participate in the implementation of changes that differ from existing institutions. The analysis builds on interviews with physicians, observations in clinics, and secondary data. We contribute to existing research on institutional work by identifying, mapping out, and classifying the practices in which physicians engage to disrupt existing institutions, and to create and maintain new ones. In addition, we use Scott’s framework of institutional pillars to examine the sets of practices related to regulative, normative, and cultural-cognitive institutions.}, author = {Kriegl, Bettina and Woratschek, Herbert and Raab, Andrea}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the European Markting Academy}, keywords = {bkrie}, number = {(63893)}, title = {Physicians and Institutional Work: Unpacking the Black Box of Institutionalization at the Front Lines of Healthcare}, volume = {49th}, year = 2020 }
%0 Conference Paper %1 noauthororeditor2020physicians %A Kriegl, Bettina %A Woratschek, Herbert %A Raab, Andrea %B Proceedings of the European Markting Academy %D 2020 %N (63893) %T Physicians and Institutional Work: Unpacking the Black Box of Institutionalization at the Front Lines of Healthcare %V 49th %X This study responds to recent calls for work to investigate innovation from an institutional view. Although institutional change has already received considerable attention in healthcare service research, not much has been done so far to investigate the phenomenon at the front lines. In order to fill this gap, we use a case study approach with the orthopedic rehabilitation system in Germany as a case to examine how physicians actively participate in the implementation of changes that differ from existing institutions. The analysis builds on interviews with physicians, observations in clinics, and secondary data. We contribute to existing research on institutional work by identifying, mapping out, and classifying the practices in which physicians engage to disrupt existing institutions, and to create and maintain new ones. In addition, we use Scott’s framework of institutional pillars to examine the sets of practices related to regulative, normative, and cultural-cognitive institutions.
7.
Schulz, T., Böhm, M., Gewald, H.: Information Technology Choice in Mobility Service Ecosystems: A Qualitative Comparative Analysis. International Conference on Information Systems, ICIS 2020 Proceedings (2020).
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ]
 
Cities around the globe face mobility-related challenges such as traffic congestion and air and noise pollution caused by the extensive use of private cars. Smart solutions promise to make urban mobility more intelligent, interconnected, and efficient using information technology (IT). This study analyzes IT choice in the service ecosystems of different German transport and tariff associations. Taking a service-dominant logic perspective, we apply fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) in order to identify the configurations of attributes levels characterizing the actors and institutional arrangements of each service ecosystem that are linked to the choice of state-of-the-art IT. Our results reveal that the availability of a high number of car-sharing actors in the service ecosystem is a necessary condition for choosing state-of-the-art IT. Our study guides decision-makers in responding to mobility challenges caused by the predominant usage of the private car and thus contributes to the overarching goal of achieving livable cities.
@inproceedings{schulz2020information, abstract = {Cities around the globe face mobility-related challenges such as traffic congestion and air and noise pollution caused by the extensive use of private cars. Smart solutions promise to make urban mobility more intelligent, interconnected, and efficient using information technology (IT). This study analyzes IT choice in the service ecosystems of different German transport and tariff associations. Taking a service-dominant logic perspective, we apply fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) in order to identify the configurations of attributes levels characterizing the actors and institutional arrangements of each service ecosystem that are linked to the choice of state-of-the-art IT. Our results reveal that the availability of a high number of car-sharing actors in the service ecosystem is a necessary condition for choosing state-of-the-art IT. Our study guides decision-makers in responding to mobility challenges caused by the predominant usage of the private car and thus contributes to the overarching goal of achieving livable cities.}, author = {Schulz, Thomas and Böhm, Markus and Gewald, Heiko}, booktitle = {International Conference on Information Systems, ICIS 2020 Proceedings}, keywords = {thschu}, number = 1650, title = {Information Technology Choice in Mobility Service Ecosystems: A Qualitative Comparative Analysis}, volume = {DIGITIZATION IN CITIES AND THE PUBLIC SECTOR}, year = 2020 }
%0 Conference Paper %1 schulz2020information %A Schulz, Thomas %A Böhm, Markus %A Gewald, Heiko %B International Conference on Information Systems, ICIS 2020 Proceedings %D 2020 %N 1650 %T Information Technology Choice in Mobility Service Ecosystems: A Qualitative Comparative Analysis %V DIGITIZATION IN CITIES AND THE PUBLIC SECTOR %X Cities around the globe face mobility-related challenges such as traffic congestion and air and noise pollution caused by the extensive use of private cars. Smart solutions promise to make urban mobility more intelligent, interconnected, and efficient using information technology (IT). This study analyzes IT choice in the service ecosystems of different German transport and tariff associations. Taking a service-dominant logic perspective, we apply fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) in order to identify the configurations of attributes levels characterizing the actors and institutional arrangements of each service ecosystem that are linked to the choice of state-of-the-art IT. Our results reveal that the availability of a high number of car-sharing actors in the service ecosystem is a necessary condition for choosing state-of-the-art IT. Our study guides decision-makers in responding to mobility challenges caused by the predominant usage of the private car and thus contributes to the overarching goal of achieving livable cities.
8.
Schulz, T., Böhm, M., Gewald, H., Krcmar, H.: Smart mobility – an analysis of potential customers’ preference structures Electronic Markets. Electronic Markets. Springer (2020).
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ] [ DOI ]
 
Cities around the world face major challenges caused by the extensive use of private cars. To counteract these problems, a new paradigm is necessary which promotes alternative mobility services. ‘Smart mobility’ refers to a new mobility behaviour that makes use of innovative technical solutions, such as the IT-supported combination of different alternative mobility services during a trip from an origin to a destination. Unfortunately, relatively few customers use apps that provide recommendations for smart mobility and there is limited knowledge about the desires, priorities and needs of potential customers. To fill this gap, we use conjoint analysis to explore differences in smart mobility app preferences across groups of people with varying mobility behaviour. Our study also considers the effect of age and place of residence on preference structures. Our results show, for example, that only car drivers do not consider the price of the smart mobility app to be particularly important for their selection decision.
@inproceedings{schulz2020smart, abstract = {Cities around the world face major challenges caused by the extensive use of private cars. To counteract these problems, a new paradigm is necessary which promotes alternative mobility services. ‘Smart mobility’ refers to a new mobility behaviour that makes use of innovative technical solutions, such as the IT-supported combination of different alternative mobility services during a trip from an origin to a destination. Unfortunately, relatively few customers use apps that provide recommendations for smart mobility and there is limited knowledge about the desires, priorities and needs of potential customers. To fill this gap, we use conjoint analysis to explore differences in smart mobility app preferences across groups of people with varying mobility behaviour. Our study also considers the effect of age and place of residence on preference structures. Our results show, for example, that only car drivers do not consider the price of the smart mobility app to be particularly important for their selection decision.}, author = {Schulz, Thomas and Böhm, Markus and Gewald, Heiko and Krcmar, Helmut}, journal = {Electronic Markets}, keywords = {thschu}, publisher = {Springer}, title = {Smart mobility – an analysis of potential customers’ preference structures Electronic Markets}, year = 2020 }
%0 Conference Paper %1 schulz2020smart %A Schulz, Thomas %A Böhm, Markus %A Gewald, Heiko %A Krcmar, Helmut %D 2020 %I Springer %J Electronic Markets %R 10.1007/s12525-020-00446-z %T Smart mobility – an analysis of potential customers’ preference structures Electronic Markets %U https://doi.org/10.1007/s12525-020-00446-z %X Cities around the world face major challenges caused by the extensive use of private cars. To counteract these problems, a new paradigm is necessary which promotes alternative mobility services. ‘Smart mobility’ refers to a new mobility behaviour that makes use of innovative technical solutions, such as the IT-supported combination of different alternative mobility services during a trip from an origin to a destination. Unfortunately, relatively few customers use apps that provide recommendations for smart mobility and there is limited knowledge about the desires, priorities and needs of potential customers. To fill this gap, we use conjoint analysis to explore differences in smart mobility app preferences across groups of people with varying mobility behaviour. Our study also considers the effect of age and place of residence on preference structures. Our results show, for example, that only car drivers do not consider the price of the smart mobility app to be particularly important for their selection decision.
9.
Brost, J., Egger, C., Lai, R.W.F., Schmid, F., Schröder, D., Zoppelt, M.: Threshold Password-Hardened Encryption Services. In: Ligatti, J., Ou, X., Katz, J., and Vigna, G. (eds.) ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security. pp. 409–424. ACM (2020).
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ] [ DOI ]
 
Password-hardened encryption (PHE) was introduced by Lai et al. at USENIX 2018 and immediately productized by VirgilSecurity. PHE is a password-based key derivation protocol that involves an oblivious external crypto service for key derivation. The security of PHE protects against offline brute-force attacks, even when the attacker is given the entire database. Furthermore, the crypto service neither learns the derived key nor the password. PHE supports key-rotation meaning that both the server and crypto service can update their keys without involving the user. While PHE significantly strengthens data security, it introduces a single point of failure because key-derivation always requires access to the crypto service. In this work, we address this issue and simultaneously increase security by introducing threshold password-hardened encryption. Our formalization of this primitive revealed shortcomings of the original PHE definition that we also address in this work. Following the spirit of prior works, we give a simple and efficient construction using lightweight tools only. We also implement our construction and evaluate its efficiency. Our experiments confirm the practical efficiency of our scheme and show that it is more efficient than common memory-hard functions, such as scrypt. From a practical perspective this means that threshold PHE can be used as an alternative to scrypt for password protection and key-derivation, offering better security in terms of offline brute force attacks.
@inproceedings{conf/ccs/Brost0LSSZ20, abstract = {Password-hardened encryption (PHE) was introduced by Lai et al. at USENIX 2018 and immediately productized by VirgilSecurity. PHE is a password-based key derivation protocol that involves an oblivious external crypto service for key derivation. The security of PHE protects against offline brute-force attacks, even when the attacker is given the entire database. Furthermore, the crypto service neither learns the derived key nor the password. PHE supports key-rotation meaning that both the server and crypto service can update their keys without involving the user. While PHE significantly strengthens data security, it introduces a single point of failure because key-derivation always requires access to the crypto service. In this work, we address this issue and simultaneously increase security by introducing threshold password-hardened encryption. Our formalization of this primitive revealed shortcomings of the original PHE definition that we also address in this work. Following the spirit of prior works, we give a simple and efficient construction using lightweight tools only. We also implement our construction and evaluate its efficiency. Our experiments confirm the practical efficiency of our scheme and show that it is more efficient than common memory-hard functions, such as scrypt. From a practical perspective this means that threshold PHE can be used as an alternative to scrypt for password protection and key-derivation, offering better security in terms of offline brute force attacks.}, author = {Brost, Julian and Egger, Christoph and Lai, Russell W. F. and Schmid, Fritz and Schröder, Dominique and Zoppelt, Markus}, booktitle = {ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security}, crossref = {conf/ccs/2020}, editor = {Ligatti, Jay and Ou, Xinming and Katz, Jonathan and Vigna, Giovanni}, keywords = {mzop}, pages = {409-424}, publisher = {ACM}, title = {Threshold Password-Hardened Encryption Services.}, year = 2020 }
%0 Conference Paper %1 conf/ccs/Brost0LSSZ20 %A Brost, Julian %A Egger, Christoph %A Lai, Russell W. F. %A Schmid, Fritz %A Schröder, Dominique %A Zoppelt, Markus %B ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security %D 2020 %E Ligatti, Jay %E Ou, Xinming %E Katz, Jonathan %E Vigna, Giovanni %I ACM %P 409-424 %R 10.1145/3372297.3417266 %T Threshold Password-Hardened Encryption Services. %U http://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/conf/ccs/ccs2020.html#Brost0LSSZ20 %X Password-hardened encryption (PHE) was introduced by Lai et al. at USENIX 2018 and immediately productized by VirgilSecurity. PHE is a password-based key derivation protocol that involves an oblivious external crypto service for key derivation. The security of PHE protects against offline brute-force attacks, even when the attacker is given the entire database. Furthermore, the crypto service neither learns the derived key nor the password. PHE supports key-rotation meaning that both the server and crypto service can update their keys without involving the user. While PHE significantly strengthens data security, it introduces a single point of failure because key-derivation always requires access to the crypto service. In this work, we address this issue and simultaneously increase security by introducing threshold password-hardened encryption. Our formalization of this primitive revealed shortcomings of the original PHE definition that we also address in this work. Following the spirit of prior works, we give a simple and efficient construction using lightweight tools only. We also implement our construction and evaluate its efficiency. Our experiments confirm the practical efficiency of our scheme and show that it is more efficient than common memory-hard functions, such as scrypt. From a practical perspective this means that threshold PHE can be used as an alternative to scrypt for password protection and key-derivation, offering better security in terms of offline brute force attacks. %@ 978-1-4503-7089-9
10.
Fertig, T., Schütz, A.E., Weber, K.: Current Issues Of Metrics For Information Security Awareness. In: Rowe, F., Amrani, R.E., Limayem, M., Newell, S., Pouloudi, N., van Heck, E., and Quammah, A.E. (eds.) ECIS (2020).
[ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ]
 
@inproceedings{conf/ecis/FertigSW20, author = {Fertig, Tobias and Schütz, Andreas Erwin and Weber, Kristin}, booktitle = {ECIS}, crossref = {conf/ecis/2020}, editor = {Rowe, Frantz and Amrani, Redouane El and Limayem, Moez and Newell, Sue and Pouloudi, Nancy and van Heck, Eric and Quammah, Ali El}, keywords = {tofer}, title = {Current Issues Of Metrics For Information Security Awareness.}, year = 2020 }
%0 Conference Paper %1 conf/ecis/FertigSW20 %A Fertig, Tobias %A Schütz, Andreas Erwin %A Weber, Kristin %B ECIS %D 2020 %E Rowe, Frantz %E Amrani, Redouane El %E Limayem, Moez %E Newell, Sue %E Pouloudi, Nancy %E van Heck, Eric %E Quammah, Ali El %T Current Issues Of Metrics For Information Security Awareness. %U http://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/conf/ecis/ecis2020.html#FertigSW20
11.
Fertig, T., Schütz, A.E., Weber, K., Müller, N.H.: Towards an Information Security Awareness Maturity Model. In: Zaphiris, P. and Ioannou, A. (eds.) HCI (26). pp. 587–599. Springer (2020).
[ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ]
 
@inproceedings{conf/hci/FertigSWM20, author = {Fertig, Tobias and Schütz, Andreas E. and Weber, Kristin and Müller, Nicholas H.}, booktitle = {HCI (26)}, crossref = {conf/hci/2020-26}, editor = {Zaphiris, Panayiotis and Ioannou, Andri}, keywords = {tofer}, pages = {587-599}, publisher = {Springer}, series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science}, title = {Towards an Information Security Awareness Maturity Model.}, volume = 12206, year = 2020 }
%0 Conference Paper %1 conf/hci/FertigSWM20 %A Fertig, Tobias %A Schütz, Andreas E. %A Weber, Kristin %A Müller, Nicholas H. %B HCI (26) %D 2020 %E Zaphiris, Panayiotis %E Ioannou, Andri %I Springer %P 587-599 %T Towards an Information Security Awareness Maturity Model. %U http://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/conf/hci/hci2020-26.html#FertigSWM20 %V 12206 %@ 978-3-030-50506-6
12.
Ulsamer, P., Fertig, T., Pfeffel, K., Müller, N.H.: Motor Imagery to Control Mobile Applications - An fNIRS Study. In: Vogel, D., Shen, K.N., Ling, P.S., Hsu, C., Thong, J.Y.L., Marco, M.D., Limayem, M., and Xu, S.X. (eds.) PACIS. p. 56 (2020).
[ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ]
 
@inproceedings{conf/pacis/UlsamerFPM20, author = {Ulsamer, Philipp and Fertig, Tobias and Pfeffel, Kevin and Müller, Nicholas H.}, booktitle = {PACIS}, crossref = {conf/pacis/2020}, editor = {Vogel, Doug and Shen, Kathy Ning and Ling, Pan Shan and Hsu, Carol and Thong, James Y. L. and Marco, Marco De and Limayem, Moez and Xu, Sean Xin}, keywords = {tofer}, pages = 56, title = {Motor Imagery to Control Mobile Applications - An fNIRS Study.}, year = 2020 }
%0 Conference Paper %1 conf/pacis/UlsamerFPM20 %A Ulsamer, Philipp %A Fertig, Tobias %A Pfeffel, Kevin %A Müller, Nicholas H. %B PACIS %D 2020 %E Vogel, Doug %E Shen, Kathy Ning %E Ling, Pan Shan %E Hsu, Carol %E Thong, James Y. L. %E Marco, Marco De %E Limayem, Moez %E Xu, Sean Xin %P 56 %T Motor Imagery to Control Mobile Applications - An fNIRS Study. %U http://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/conf/pacis/pacis2020.html#UlsamerFPM20
13.
Auernhammer, K., Freiling, F., Tavakoli Kolagari, R.: Efficient Black-Box Search for Adversarial Examples using Relevance Masks. In DYnamic and Novel Advances in Machine Learning and Intelligent Cyber Security (DYNAMICS) Workshop (2020).
[ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ]
 
@inproceedings{auernhammer2020efficient, author = {Auernhammer, Katja and Freiling, Felix and Tavakoli Kolagari, Ramin}, booktitle = {In DYnamic and Novel Advances in Machine Learning and Intelligent Cyber Security (DYNAMICS) Workshop}, keywords = {kauernh}, title = {Efficient Black-Box Search for Adversarial Examples using Relevance Masks}, year = 2020 }
%0 Conference Paper %1 auernhammer2020efficient %A Auernhammer, Katja %A Freiling, Felix %A Tavakoli Kolagari, Ramin %B In DYnamic and Novel Advances in Machine Learning and Intelligent Cyber Security (DYNAMICS) Workshop %D 2020 %T Efficient Black-Box Search for Adversarial Examples using Relevance Masks
14.
Ciba, M., Bestel, R., Nick, C., de Arruda, G.F., Peron, T.K.D.M., Comin, C.H., da Fontoura Costa, L., Rodrigues, F.A., Thielemann, C.: Comparison of Different Spike Train Synchrony Measures Regarding Their Robustness to Erroneous Data From Bicuculline-Induced Epileptiform Activity. Neural Comput. 32, 887–911 (2020).
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ]
 
As synchronized activity is associated with basic brain functions and pathological states, spike train synchrony has become an important measure to analyze experimental neuronal data. Many different measures of spike train synchrony have been proposed, but there is no gold standard allowing for comparison of results between different experiments. This work aims to provide guidance on which synchrony measure is best suitable to quantify the effect of epileptiform inducing substances (e.g. bicuculline (BIC)) in in vitro neuronal spike train data. Spike train data from recordings are likely to suffer from erroneous spike detection, such as missed spikes (false negative) or noise (false positive). Therefore, different time-scale dependent (cross-correlation, mutual information, spike time tiling coefficient) and time-scale independent (Spike-contrast, phase synchronization, A-SPIKE-synchronization, A-ISI-distance, ARI-SPIKE-distance) synchrony measures were compared in terms of their robustness to erroneous spike trains. As a result of the in silico manipulated data, Spike-contrast was the only measure being robust to false negative as well as false-positive spikes. Analyzing the experimental data set revealed that all measures were able to capture the effect of BIC in a statistically significant way, with Spike-contrast showing the highest statistical significance even at low spike detection thresholds. In summary, we suggest the usage of Spike-contrast to complement established synchrony measures, as it is time scale independent and robust to erroneous spike trains.
@article{journals/neco/CibaBNAPCCRT20, abstract = {As synchronized activity is associated with basic brain functions and pathological states, spike train synchrony has become an important measure to analyze experimental neuronal data. Many different measures of spike train synchrony have been proposed, but there is no gold standard allowing for comparison of results between different experiments. This work aims to provide guidance on which synchrony measure is best suitable to quantify the effect of epileptiform inducing substances (e.g. bicuculline (BIC)) in in vitro neuronal spike train data. Spike train data from recordings are likely to suffer from erroneous spike detection, such as missed spikes (false negative) or noise (false positive). Therefore, different time-scale dependent (cross-correlation, mutual information, spike time tiling coefficient) and time-scale independent (Spike-contrast, phase synchronization, A-SPIKE-synchronization, A-ISI-distance, ARI-SPIKE-distance) synchrony measures were compared in terms of their robustness to erroneous spike trains. As a result of the in silico manipulated data, Spike-contrast was the only measure being robust to false negative as well as false-positive spikes. Analyzing the experimental data set revealed that all measures were able to capture the effect of BIC in a statistically significant way, with Spike-contrast showing the highest statistical significance even at low spike detection thresholds. In summary, we suggest the usage of Spike-contrast to complement established synchrony measures, as it is time scale independent and robust to erroneous spike trains.}, author = {Ciba, Manuel and Bestel, Robert and Nick, Christoph and de Arruda, Guilherme Ferraz and Peron, Thomas K. D. M. and Comin, Cesar Henrique and da Fontoura Costa, Luciano and Rodrigues, Francisco Aparecido and Thielemann, Christiane}, journal = {Neural Comput.}, keywords = {mcib}, number = 5, pages = {887-911}, title = {Comparison of Different Spike Train Synchrony Measures Regarding Their Robustness to Erroneous Data From Bicuculline-Induced Epileptiform Activity.}, volume = 32, year = 2020 }
%0 Journal Article %1 journals/neco/CibaBNAPCCRT20 %A Ciba, Manuel %A Bestel, Robert %A Nick, Christoph %A de Arruda, Guilherme Ferraz %A Peron, Thomas K. D. M. %A Comin, Cesar Henrique %A da Fontoura Costa, Luciano %A Rodrigues, Francisco Aparecido %A Thielemann, Christiane %D 2020 %J Neural Comput. %N 5 %P 887-911 %T Comparison of Different Spike Train Synchrony Measures Regarding Their Robustness to Erroneous Data From Bicuculline-Induced Epileptiform Activity. %U http://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/journals/neco/neco32.html#CibaBNAPCCRT20 %V 32 %X As synchronized activity is associated with basic brain functions and pathological states, spike train synchrony has become an important measure to analyze experimental neuronal data. Many different measures of spike train synchrony have been proposed, but there is no gold standard allowing for comparison of results between different experiments. This work aims to provide guidance on which synchrony measure is best suitable to quantify the effect of epileptiform inducing substances (e.g. bicuculline (BIC)) in in vitro neuronal spike train data. Spike train data from recordings are likely to suffer from erroneous spike detection, such as missed spikes (false negative) or noise (false positive). Therefore, different time-scale dependent (cross-correlation, mutual information, spike time tiling coefficient) and time-scale independent (Spike-contrast, phase synchronization, A-SPIKE-synchronization, A-ISI-distance, ARI-SPIKE-distance) synchrony measures were compared in terms of their robustness to erroneous spike trains. As a result of the in silico manipulated data, Spike-contrast was the only measure being robust to false negative as well as false-positive spikes. Analyzing the experimental data set revealed that all measures were able to capture the effect of BIC in a statistically significant way, with Spike-contrast showing the highest statistical significance even at low spike detection thresholds. In summary, we suggest the usage of Spike-contrast to complement established synchrony measures, as it is time scale independent and robust to erroneous spike trains.
15.
Herl, G., Hiller, J., Maier, A.: Scanning trajectory optimisation using a quantitative Tuybased local quality estimation for robot-based X-ray computed tomography. Nondestructive Testing and Evaluation. 35, 287–303 (2020).
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ] [ DOI ]
 
Robotic CT systems allow complex scanning trajectories. This work presents a workflow to automatically calculate optimised scanning trajectories for robotic CT systems. In particular, as a local quality estimation, this work introduces a quantitative measure to quantify local reconstruction quality based on the Tuy conditions. The proposed method is tested in two summation experiments using an STL model of a motorcycle. In both experiments, a trajectory is calculated using a quantitative Tuy-based local quality estimation and the reconstruction result is then compared to reconstructions using conventional scanning trajectories. The comparison results indicate that the proposed approach automatically finds trajectories that enable 3D reconstructions with high image quality using much less projection data, which allows a significant reduction of scanning time.
@article{herl2020scanning, abstract = {Robotic CT systems allow complex scanning trajectories. This work presents a workflow to automatically calculate optimised scanning trajectories for robotic CT systems. In particular, as a local quality estimation, this work introduces a quantitative measure to quantify local reconstruction quality based on the Tuy conditions. The proposed method is tested in two summation experiments using an STL model of a motorcycle. In both experiments, a trajectory is calculated using a quantitative Tuy-based local quality estimation and the reconstruction result is then compared to reconstructions using conventional scanning trajectories. The comparison results indicate that the proposed approach automatically finds trajectories that enable 3D reconstructions with high image quality using much less projection data, which allows a significant reduction of scanning time.}, author = {Herl, Gabriel and Hiller, Jochen and Maier, Andreas}, journal = {Nondestructive Testing and Evaluation}, keywords = {gher}, number = 3, pages = {287-303}, title = {Scanning trajectory optimisation using a quantitative Tuybased local quality estimation for robot-based X-ray computed tomography}, volume = 35, year = 2020 }
%0 Journal Article %1 herl2020scanning %A Herl, Gabriel %A Hiller, Jochen %A Maier, Andreas %D 2020 %J Nondestructive Testing and Evaluation %N 3 %P 287-303 %R 10.1080/10589759.2020.1774579 %T Scanning trajectory optimisation using a quantitative Tuybased local quality estimation for robot-based X-ray computed tomography %V 35 %X Robotic CT systems allow complex scanning trajectories. This work presents a workflow to automatically calculate optimised scanning trajectories for robotic CT systems. In particular, as a local quality estimation, this work introduces a quantitative measure to quantify local reconstruction quality based on the Tuy conditions. The proposed method is tested in two summation experiments using an STL model of a motorcycle. In both experiments, a trajectory is calculated using a quantitative Tuy-based local quality estimation and the reconstruction result is then compared to reconstructions using conventional scanning trajectories. The comparison results indicate that the proposed approach automatically finds trajectories that enable 3D reconstructions with high image quality using much less projection data, which allows a significant reduction of scanning time.
16.
Böhm, S.-A.: AI Approaches to Optimize Human-Machine Collaboration in Manufacturing Facilities with IoT-Ready Machinery. In: Davidsson, P., Langheinrich, M., Linde, P., Mayer, S., Casado-Mansilla, D., Spikol, D., Kraemer, F.A., and Russo, N.L. (eds.) IOT Companion. pp. 23:1–23:5. ACM (2020).
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ]
 
Modern production facilities are becoming increasingly complex, as companies battle to meet the increasingly customer-specific demands with shorter lead times and higher efficiency. For the employees in the factory, who often bear the brunt of making short-term process decisions, this complexity is becoming unmanageable. The PhD project presented in the following aims to decrease the complexity of modern manufactory facilities by means of artificial intelligence. The focus is on product data analysis and manufactory process planning. Different approaches of artificial intelligence for use in a Self-Adapting Smart System (SASS) are to be investigated.
@inproceedings{conf/iot/Bohm20, abstract = {Modern production facilities are becoming increasingly complex, as companies battle to meet the increasingly customer-specific demands with shorter lead times and higher efficiency. For the employees in the factory, who often bear the brunt of making short-term process decisions, this complexity is becoming unmanageable. The PhD project presented in the following aims to decrease the complexity of modern manufactory facilities by means of artificial intelligence. The focus is on product data analysis and manufactory process planning. Different approaches of artificial intelligence for use in a Self-Adapting Smart System (SASS) are to be investigated.}, author = {Böhm, Stefan-Andreas}, booktitle = {IOT Companion}, crossref = {conf/iot/2020c}, editor = {Davidsson, Paul and Langheinrich, Marc and Linde, Per and Mayer, Simon and Casado-Mansilla, Diego and Spikol, Daniel and Kraemer, Frank Alexander and Russo, Nancy L.}, keywords = {stbö}, pages = {23:1-23:5}, publisher = {ACM}, title = {AI Approaches to Optimize Human-Machine Collaboration in Manufacturing Facilities with IoT-Ready Machinery.}, year = 2020 }
%0 Conference Paper %1 conf/iot/Bohm20 %A Böhm, Stefan-Andreas %B IOT Companion %D 2020 %E Davidsson, Paul %E Langheinrich, Marc %E Linde, Per %E Mayer, Simon %E Casado-Mansilla, Diego %E Spikol, Daniel %E Kraemer, Frank Alexander %E Russo, Nancy L. %I ACM %P 23:1-23:5 %T AI Approaches to Optimize Human-Machine Collaboration in Manufacturing Facilities with IoT-Ready Machinery. %U http://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/conf/iot/iot2020c.html#Bohm20 %X Modern production facilities are becoming increasingly complex, as companies battle to meet the increasingly customer-specific demands with shorter lead times and higher efficiency. For the employees in the factory, who often bear the brunt of making short-term process decisions, this complexity is becoming unmanageable. The PhD project presented in the following aims to decrease the complexity of modern manufactory facilities by means of artificial intelligence. The focus is on product data analysis and manufactory process planning. Different approaches of artificial intelligence for use in a Self-Adapting Smart System (SASS) are to be investigated. %@ 978-1-4503-8820-7
17.
Liang, H., Sauer, T., Faber, C.: Using wavelet transform to evaluate single-shot phase measuring deflectometry data. SPIE Proceedings. SPIE The international society for optics and photonics (2020).
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ] [ DOI ]
 
Phase measuring deflectometry (PMD) is a well-established method for determining the topography of specular free-form surfaces. A disadvantage of the classical PMD method, however, is the sequential measurement process. For moving objects, the classical PMD evaluation is not suitable. To overcome this problem, single shot methods using single-sideband demodulation have been presented, which allowed for a deflectometric measurement based on one single image. However, this kind of evaluation does not work for complex surfaces that result in captured fringe patterns with a broadband spectrum, since the phase is considered globally in Fourier space. A new single-shot evaluation method for phase determination is presented. Using the advantage of the wavelet transform - the signal is evaluated locally in both spatial and frequency space – it is possible to measure complex reflective surfaces in motion. First results are compared to the classic phase-shift evaluation.
@inproceedings{liang2020using, abstract = {Phase measuring deflectometry (PMD) is a well-established method for determining the topography of specular free-form surfaces. A disadvantage of the classical PMD method, however, is the sequential measurement process. For moving objects, the classical PMD evaluation is not suitable. To overcome this problem, single shot methods using single-sideband demodulation have been presented, which allowed for a deflectometric measurement based on one single image. However, this kind of evaluation does not work for complex surfaces that result in captured fringe patterns with a broadband spectrum, since the phase is considered globally in Fourier space. A new single-shot evaluation method for phase determination is presented. Using the advantage of the wavelet transform - the signal is evaluated locally in both spatial and frequency space – it is possible to measure complex reflective surfaces in motion. First results are compared to the classic phase-shift evaluation.}, author = {Liang, Hanning and Sauer, Thomas and Faber, Christian}, booktitle = {SPIE Proceedings}, keywords = {hlng}, number = {XLIII}, publisher = {SPIE The international society for optics and photonics}, title = {Using wavelet transform to evaluate single-shot phase measuring deflectometry data}, volume = {115101S}, year = 2020 }
%0 Conference Paper %1 liang2020using %A Liang, Hanning %A Sauer, Thomas %A Faber, Christian %B SPIE Proceedings %D 2020 %I SPIE The international society for optics and photonics %N XLIII %R 10.1117/12.2567301 %T Using wavelet transform to evaluate single-shot phase measuring deflectometry data %V 115101S %X Phase measuring deflectometry (PMD) is a well-established method for determining the topography of specular free-form surfaces. A disadvantage of the classical PMD method, however, is the sequential measurement process. For moving objects, the classical PMD evaluation is not suitable. To overcome this problem, single shot methods using single-sideband demodulation have been presented, which allowed for a deflectometric measurement based on one single image. However, this kind of evaluation does not work for complex surfaces that result in captured fringe patterns with a broadband spectrum, since the phase is considered globally in Fourier space. A new single-shot evaluation method for phase determination is presented. Using the advantage of the wavelet transform - the signal is evaluated locally in both spatial and frequency space – it is possible to measure complex reflective surfaces in motion. First results are compared to the classic phase-shift evaluation.
18.
Renner, S., Pozzobon, E., Mottok, J.: A Hardware in the Loop Benchmark Suite to Evaluate NIST LWC Ciphers on Microcontrollers. ICICS. pp. 495–509. Springer (2020).
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ] [ DOI ]
 
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) started the standardization process for lightweight cryptography algorithms in 2018. By the end of the first round, 32 submissions have been selected as 2nd round candidates. NIST allowed designers of 2nd round submissions to provide small updates on both their specifications and implementation packages. In this work, we introduce a benchmarking framework for evaluating the performance of NIST Lightweight Cryptography (LWC) candidates on embedded platforms. We show the features and application of the framework and explain its design rationale. Moreover, we provide information on how we aim to present up-to-date performance figures throughout the NIST LWC competition. In this paper, we present an excerpt of our software benchmarking results regarding speed and memory requirements of selected ciphers. All up-to-date results, including benchmarking different test cases for multiple variants of each 2nd round algorithm on five different microcontrollers, are periodically published to a public website. While initially only the reference implementations were available, the ability of automatically testing the performance of the candidate algorithms on multiple platforms becomes especially relevant as more optimized implementations are developed. Finally, we show how the framework can be extended in different directions: support for more target platforms can be easily added, different kinds of algorithms can be tested, and other test metrics can be acquired. The focus of this paper should rather lay on the framework design and testing methodology than on the current results, especially for reference code.
@inproceedings{renner2020hardware, abstract = {The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) started the standardization process for lightweight cryptography algorithms in 2018. By the end of the first round, 32 submissions have been selected as 2nd round candidates. NIST allowed designers of 2nd round submissions to provide small updates on both their specifications and implementation packages. In this work, we introduce a benchmarking framework for evaluating the performance of NIST Lightweight Cryptography (LWC) candidates on embedded platforms. We show the features and application of the framework and explain its design rationale. Moreover, we provide information on how we aim to present up-to-date performance figures throughout the NIST LWC competition. In this paper, we present an excerpt of our software benchmarking results regarding speed and memory requirements of selected ciphers. All up-to-date results, including benchmarking different test cases for multiple variants of each 2nd round algorithm on five different microcontrollers, are periodically published to a public website. While initially only the reference implementations were available, the ability of automatically testing the performance of the candidate algorithms on multiple platforms becomes especially relevant as more optimized implementations are developed. Finally, we show how the framework can be extended in different directions: support for more target platforms can be easily added, different kinds of algorithms can be tested, and other test metrics can be acquired. The focus of this paper should rather lay on the framework design and testing methodology than on the current results, especially for reference code.}, author = {Renner, Sebastian and Pozzobon, Enrico and Mottok, Jürgen}, booktitle = {ICICS}, keywords = {srenn}, month = {nov}, pages = {495-509}, publisher = {Springer}, series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science}, title = {A Hardware in the Loop Benchmark Suite to Evaluate NIST LWC Ciphers on Microcontrollers}, volume = 12282, year = 2020 }
%0 Conference Paper %1 renner2020hardware %A Renner, Sebastian %A Pozzobon, Enrico %A Mottok, Jürgen %B ICICS %D 2020 %I Springer %P 495-509 %R 10.1007/978-3-030-61078-4_28 %T A Hardware in the Loop Benchmark Suite to Evaluate NIST LWC Ciphers on Microcontrollers %U http://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/conf/icics/icics2020.html#RennerPM20 %V 12282 %X The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) started the standardization process for lightweight cryptography algorithms in 2018. By the end of the first round, 32 submissions have been selected as 2nd round candidates. NIST allowed designers of 2nd round submissions to provide small updates on both their specifications and implementation packages. In this work, we introduce a benchmarking framework for evaluating the performance of NIST Lightweight Cryptography (LWC) candidates on embedded platforms. We show the features and application of the framework and explain its design rationale. Moreover, we provide information on how we aim to present up-to-date performance figures throughout the NIST LWC competition. In this paper, we present an excerpt of our software benchmarking results regarding speed and memory requirements of selected ciphers. All up-to-date results, including benchmarking different test cases for multiple variants of each 2nd round algorithm on five different microcontrollers, are periodically published to a public website. While initially only the reference implementations were available, the ability of automatically testing the performance of the candidate algorithms on multiple platforms becomes especially relevant as more optimized implementations are developed. Finally, we show how the framework can be extended in different directions: support for more target platforms can be easily added, different kinds of algorithms can be tested, and other test metrics can be acquired. The focus of this paper should rather lay on the framework design and testing methodology than on the current results, especially for reference code. %@ 978-3-030-61078-4
19.
Wunderlich, S., Ring, M., Landes, D., Hotho, A.: Comparison of System Call Representations for Intrusion Detection. Logic Journal of the IGPL. jzaa058, (2020).
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ] [ DOI ]
 
Over the years, artificial neural networks have been appliedsuccessfully in many areas including IT security. Yet, neural networkscan only process continuous input data. This is particularly challengingfor security-related non-continuous data like system calls. This work fo-cuses on four different options to preprocess sequences of system calls sothat they can be processed by neural networks. These input options arebased on one-hot encoding and learning word2vec or GloVe representa-tions of system calls. As an additional option, we analyze if the mappingof system calls to their respective kernel modules is an adequate gen-eralization step for (a) replacing system calls or (b) enhancing systemcall data with additional information regarding their context. However,when performing such preprocessing steps it is important to ensure thatno relevant information is lost during the process. The overall objec-tive of system call based intrusion detection is to categorize sequences ofsystem calls as benign or malicious behavior. Therefore, this scenario isused to evaluate the different input options as a classification task. Theresults show, that each of the four different methods is a valid optionwhen preprocessing input data, but the use of kernel modules only isnot recommended because too much information is being lost during themapping process.
@article{noauthororeditor, abstract = {Over the years, artificial neural networks have been appliedsuccessfully in many areas including IT security. Yet, neural networkscan only process continuous input data. This is particularly challengingfor security-related non-continuous data like system calls. This work fo-cuses on four different options to preprocess sequences of system calls sothat they can be processed by neural networks. These input options arebased on one-hot encoding and learning word2vec or GloVe representa-tions of system calls. As an additional option, we analyze if the mappingof system calls to their respective kernel modules is an adequate gen-eralization step for (a) replacing system calls or (b) enhancing systemcall data with additional information regarding their context. However,when performing such preprocessing steps it is important to ensure thatno relevant information is lost during the process. The overall objec-tive of system call based intrusion detection is to categorize sequences ofsystem calls as benign or malicious behavior. Therefore, this scenario isused to evaluate the different input options as a classification task. Theresults show, that each of the four different methods is a valid optionwhen preprocessing input data, but the use of kernel modules only isnot recommended because too much information is being lost during themapping process.}, author = {Wunderlich, Sarah and Ring, Markus and Landes, Dieter and Hotho, Andreas}, journal = {Logic Journal of the IGPL}, keywords = {wundS}, title = {Comparison of System Call Representations for Intrusion Detection}, volume = {jzaa058}, year = 2020 }
%0 Journal Article %1 noauthororeditor %A Wunderlich, Sarah %A Ring, Markus %A Landes, Dieter %A Hotho, Andreas %D 2020 %J Logic Journal of the IGPL %R 10.1007/978-3-030-20005-3_2 %T Comparison of System Call Representations for Intrusion Detection %V jzaa058 %X Over the years, artificial neural networks have been appliedsuccessfully in many areas including IT security. Yet, neural networkscan only process continuous input data. This is particularly challengingfor security-related non-continuous data like system calls. This work fo-cuses on four different options to preprocess sequences of system calls sothat they can be processed by neural networks. These input options arebased on one-hot encoding and learning word2vec or GloVe representa-tions of system calls. As an additional option, we analyze if the mappingof system calls to their respective kernel modules is an adequate gen-eralization step for (a) replacing system calls or (b) enhancing systemcall data with additional information regarding their context. However,when performing such preprocessing steps it is important to ensure thatno relevant information is lost during the process. The overall objec-tive of system call based intrusion detection is to categorize sequences ofsystem calls as benign or malicious behavior. Therefore, this scenario isused to evaluate the different input options as a classification task. Theresults show, that each of the four different methods is a valid optionwhen preprocessing input data, but the use of kernel modules only isnot recommended because too much information is being lost during themapping process.
20.
Wolf, M., Ring, M., Landes, D.: Impact of Generative Adversarial Networks on NetFlow-Based Traffic Classification. In: Herrero, Álvaro, Cambra, C., Urda, D., Sedano, J., Quintián, H., and Corchado, E. (eds.) CISIS. pp. 393–404. Springer (2020).
[ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ]
 
@inproceedings{conf/cisis-spain/WolfRL20, author = {Wolf, Maximilian and Ring, Markus and Landes, Dieter}, booktitle = {CISIS}, crossref = {conf/cisis-spain/2020}, editor = {Herrero, Álvaro and Cambra, Carlos and Urda, Daniel and Sedano, Javier and Quintián, Héctor and Corchado, Emilio}, keywords = {mring}, pages = {393-404}, publisher = {Springer}, series = {Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing}, title = {Impact of Generative Adversarial Networks on NetFlow-Based Traffic Classification.}, volume = 1267, year = 2020 }
%0 Conference Paper %1 conf/cisis-spain/WolfRL20 %A Wolf, Maximilian %A Ring, Markus %A Landes, Dieter %B CISIS %D 2020 %E Herrero, Álvaro %E Cambra, Carlos %E Urda, Daniel %E Sedano, Javier %E Quintián, Héctor %E Corchado, Emilio %I Springer %P 393-404 %T Impact of Generative Adversarial Networks on NetFlow-Based Traffic Classification. %U http://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/conf/cisis-spain/cisis2020.html#WolfRL20 %V 1267 %@ 978-3-030-57805-3
21.
Schlör, D., Ring, M., Krause, A., Hotho, A.: Financial Fraud Detection with Improved Neural Arithmetic Logic Units. Presented at the (2020).
[ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ]
 
@inproceedings{schlr2020financial, author = {Schlör, Daniel and Ring, Markus and Krause, Anna and Hotho, Andreas}, keywords = {mring}, number = 5, title = {Financial Fraud Detection with Improved Neural Arithmetic Logic Units}, volume = {Fifth Workshop on MIning DAta for financial applicationS}, year = 2020 }
%0 Conference Paper %1 schlr2020financial %A Schlör, Daniel %A Ring, Markus %A Krause, Anna %A Hotho, Andreas %D 2020 %N 5 %T Financial Fraud Detection with Improved Neural Arithmetic Logic Units %V Fifth Workshop on MIning DAta for financial applicationS
22.
Tritscher, J., Ring, M., Schlör, D., Hettinger, L., Hotho, A.: Evaluation of Post-hoc XAI Approaches Through Synthetic Tabular Data. In: Helic, D., Leitner, G., Stettinger, M., Felfernig, A., and Ras, Z.W. (eds.) ISMIS. pp. 422–430. Springer (2020).
[ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ]
 
@inproceedings{conf/ismis/TritscherRSHH20, author = {Tritscher, Julian and Ring, Markus and Schlör, Daniel and Hettinger, Lena and Hotho, Andreas}, booktitle = {ISMIS}, crossref = {conf/ismis/2020}, editor = {Helic, Denis and Leitner, Gerhard and Stettinger, Martin and Felfernig, Alexander and Ras, Zbigniew W.}, keywords = {mring}, pages = {422-430}, publisher = {Springer}, series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science}, title = {Evaluation of Post-hoc XAI Approaches Through Synthetic Tabular Data.}, volume = 12117, year = 2020 }
%0 Conference Paper %1 conf/ismis/TritscherRSHH20 %A Tritscher, Julian %A Ring, Markus %A Schlör, Daniel %A Hettinger, Lena %A Hotho, Andreas %B ISMIS %D 2020 %E Helic, Denis %E Leitner, Gerhard %E Stettinger, Martin %E Felfernig, Alexander %E Ras, Zbigniew W. %I Springer %P 422-430 %T Evaluation of Post-hoc XAI Approaches Through Synthetic Tabular Data. %U http://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/conf/ismis/ismis2020.html#TritscherRSHH20 %V 12117 %@ 978-3-030-59491-6
23.
Schlör, D., Ring, M., Hotho, A.: iNALU: Improved Neural Arithmetic Logic Unit. Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence. 3, 71 (2020).
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ] [ DOI ]
 
Neural networks have to capture mathematical relationships in order to learn various tasks. They approximate these relations implicitly and therefore often do not generalize well. The recently proposed Neural Arithmetic Logic Unit (NALU) is a novel neural architecture which is able to explicitly represent the mathematical relationships by the units of the network to learn operations such as summation, subtraction or multiplication. Although NALUs have been shown to perform well on various downstream tasks, an in-depth analysis reveals practical shortcomings by design, such as the inability to multiply or divide negative input values or training stability issues for deeper networks. We address these issues and propose an improved model architecture. We evaluate our model empirically in various settings from learning basic arithmetic operations to more complex functions. Our experiments indicate that our model solves stability issues and outperforms the original NALU model in means of arithmetic precision and convergence.
@article{10.3389/frai.2020.00071, abstract = {Neural networks have to capture mathematical relationships in order to learn various tasks. They approximate these relations implicitly and therefore often do not generalize well. The recently proposed Neural Arithmetic Logic Unit (NALU) is a novel neural architecture which is able to explicitly represent the mathematical relationships by the units of the network to learn operations such as summation, subtraction or multiplication. Although NALUs have been shown to perform well on various downstream tasks, an in-depth analysis reveals practical shortcomings by design, such as the inability to multiply or divide negative input values or training stability issues for deeper networks. We address these issues and propose an improved model architecture. We evaluate our model empirically in various settings from learning basic arithmetic operations to more complex functions. Our experiments indicate that our model solves stability issues and outperforms the original NALU model in means of arithmetic precision and convergence.}, author = {Schlör, Daniel and Ring, Markus and Hotho, Andreas}, journal = {Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence}, keywords = {mring}, pages = 71, title = {iNALU: Improved Neural Arithmetic Logic Unit}, volume = 3, year = 2020 }
%0 Journal Article %1 10.3389/frai.2020.00071 %A Schlör, Daniel %A Ring, Markus %A Hotho, Andreas %D 2020 %J Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence %P 71 %R 10.3389/frai.2020.00071 %T iNALU: Improved Neural Arithmetic Logic Unit %U https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/frai.2020.00071 %V 3 %X Neural networks have to capture mathematical relationships in order to learn various tasks. They approximate these relations implicitly and therefore often do not generalize well. The recently proposed Neural Arithmetic Logic Unit (NALU) is a novel neural architecture which is able to explicitly represent the mathematical relationships by the units of the network to learn operations such as summation, subtraction or multiplication. Although NALUs have been shown to perform well on various downstream tasks, an in-depth analysis reveals practical shortcomings by design, such as the inability to multiply or divide negative input values or training stability issues for deeper networks. We address these issues and propose an improved model architecture. We evaluate our model empirically in various settings from learning basic arithmetic operations to more complex functions. Our experiments indicate that our model solves stability issues and outperforms the original NALU model in means of arithmetic precision and convergence.
24.
Schulz, T., Gewald, H., Böhm, M., Krcmar, H.: Smart Mobility: Contradictions in Value Co-Creation. Information Systems Frontiers. 22, (2020).
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ]
 
Technical progress is disrupting the mobility sector. New door-to-door (D2D) mobility integrators promise to offer smart mobility by packaging together different mobility services such as car-sharing and public transport. However, mobility providers up to now have rarely entered into value co-creation relationships. As a result, citizens are offered mobility that cannot be considered truly smart. Although value co-creation has been the subject of numerous studies taking the service-dominant logic perspective, this research has often lacked empirical evidence. To close this gap, we conceptualize value co-creation between mobility providers and a D2D mobility integrator by applying Activity Theory. Based on a qualitative study in the German mobility sector, we identify several inhibitors of value co-creation from the viewpoint of mobility providers. In addition, we show how these inhibitors serve as triggers for adaptations, ultimately leading to the formation of a value co-creation relationship.
@article{noauthororeditor, abstract = {Technical progress is disrupting the mobility sector. New door-to-door (D2D) mobility integrators promise to offer smart mobility by packaging together different mobility services such as car-sharing and public transport. However, mobility providers up to now have rarely entered into value co-creation relationships. As a result, citizens are offered mobility that cannot be considered truly smart. Although value co-creation has been the subject of numerous studies taking the service-dominant logic perspective, this research has often lacked empirical evidence. To close this gap, we conceptualize value co-creation between mobility providers and a D2D mobility integrator by applying Activity Theory. Based on a qualitative study in the German mobility sector, we identify several inhibitors of value co-creation from the viewpoint of mobility providers. In addition, we show how these inhibitors serve as triggers for adaptations, ultimately leading to the formation of a value co-creation relationship.}, author = {Schulz, Thomas and Gewald, Heiko and Böhm, Markus and Krcmar, Helmut}, journal = {Information Systems Frontiers}, keywords = {thschu}, number = 4, title = {Smart Mobility: Contradictions in Value Co-Creation}, volume = 22, year = 2020 }
%0 Journal Article %1 noauthororeditor %A Schulz, Thomas %A Gewald, Heiko %A Böhm, Markus %A Krcmar, Helmut %D 2020 %J Information Systems Frontiers %N 4 %T Smart Mobility: Contradictions in Value Co-Creation %U http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10796-020-10055-y %V 22 %X Technical progress is disrupting the mobility sector. New door-to-door (D2D) mobility integrators promise to offer smart mobility by packaging together different mobility services such as car-sharing and public transport. However, mobility providers up to now have rarely entered into value co-creation relationships. As a result, citizens are offered mobility that cannot be considered truly smart. Although value co-creation has been the subject of numerous studies taking the service-dominant logic perspective, this research has often lacked empirical evidence. To close this gap, we conceptualize value co-creation between mobility providers and a D2D mobility integrator by applying Activity Theory. Based on a qualitative study in the German mobility sector, we identify several inhibitors of value co-creation from the viewpoint of mobility providers. In addition, we show how these inhibitors serve as triggers for adaptations, ultimately leading to the formation of a value co-creation relationship.
25.
Fischer, F., Niedermaier, M., Hanka, T., Knauer, P., Merli, D.: Analysis of Industrial Device Architectures for Real-Time Operations under Denial of Service Attacks. CoRR. abs/2007.08885, (2020).
[ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ]
 
@article{journals/corr/abs-2007-08885, author = {Fischer, Florian and Niedermaier, Matthias and Hanka, Thomas and Knauer, Peter and Merli, Dominik}, journal = {CoRR}, keywords = {mnie}, title = {Analysis of Industrial Device Architectures for Real-Time Operations under Denial of Service Attacks.}, volume = {abs/2007.08885}, year = 2020 }
%0 Journal Article %1 journals/corr/abs-2007-08885 %A Fischer, Florian %A Niedermaier, Matthias %A Hanka, Thomas %A Knauer, Peter %A Merli, Dominik %D 2020 %J CoRR %T Analysis of Industrial Device Architectures for Real-Time Operations under Denial of Service Attacks. %U http://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/journals/corr/corr2007.html#abs-2007-08885 %V abs/2007.08885
26.
Schütz, A., Fertig, T., Weber, K.: Analyze Before You Sensitize: Preparation of a Targeted ISA Training. 53rd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (2020).
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ]
 
This paper describes a procedure to enable the planning of targeted measures to increase the Information Security Awareness (ISA) of employees of an institution. The procedure is practically applied at a German university. With the help of a comprehensive analysis, which is based on findings of social psychology, necessary topics for ISA measures are identified. In addition, reasons are sought for why employees do not conduct information security. The procedure consists of a qualitative phase with interviews and a quantitative phase with a questionnaire. It turned out that the procedure provided many clues to the design of ISA measures. These include organizational and technical measures that can help employees to ensure information-safe behavior. In addition, it was found that there were deviations between the qualitative and quantitative phases and therefore, both phases are necessary. The paper critically discusses the procedure and also addresses the strengths and weaknesses of the analysis.
@inproceedings{schutz2020analyze, abstract = {This paper describes a procedure to enable the planning of targeted measures to increase the Information Security Awareness (ISA) of employees of an institution. The procedure is practically applied at a German university. With the help of a comprehensive analysis, which is based on findings of social psychology, necessary topics for ISA measures are identified. In addition, reasons are sought for why employees do not conduct information security. The procedure consists of a qualitative phase with interviews and a quantitative phase with a questionnaire. It turned out that the procedure provided many clues to the design of ISA measures. These include organizational and technical measures that can help employees to ensure information-safe behavior. In addition, it was found that there were deviations between the qualitative and quantitative phases and therefore, both phases are necessary. The paper critically discusses the procedure and also addresses the strengths and weaknesses of the analysis.}, author = {Schütz, Andreas and Fertig, Tobias and Weber, Kristin}, booktitle = {53rd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences}, keywords = {aschü}, title = {Analyze Before You Sensitize: Preparation of a Targeted ISA Training}, year = 2020 }
%0 Conference Paper %1 schutz2020analyze %A Schütz, Andreas %A Fertig, Tobias %A Weber, Kristin %B 53rd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences %D 2020 %T Analyze Before You Sensitize: Preparation of a Targeted ISA Training %U https://scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu/handle/10125/64542 %X This paper describes a procedure to enable the planning of targeted measures to increase the Information Security Awareness (ISA) of employees of an institution. The procedure is practically applied at a German university. With the help of a comprehensive analysis, which is based on findings of social psychology, necessary topics for ISA measures are identified. In addition, reasons are sought for why employees do not conduct information security. The procedure consists of a qualitative phase with interviews and a quantitative phase with a questionnaire. It turned out that the procedure provided many clues to the design of ISA measures. These include organizational and technical measures that can help employees to ensure information-safe behavior. In addition, it was found that there were deviations between the qualitative and quantitative phases and therefore, both phases are necessary. The paper critically discusses the procedure and also addresses the strengths and weaknesses of the analysis. %@ 978-0-9981331-3-3
27.
Fertig, T., Schütz, A.: About the Measuring of Information Security Awareness: A Systematic Literature Review. 53rd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (2020).
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ]
 
To make employees aware of their important role for information security, companies typically carry out security awareness campaigns. The success and effectiveness of those campaigns has to be measured to justify the budget for example. Therefore, we did a systematic literature review in order to learn how information security awareness (ISA) is measured in theory and practice. We covered published literature as well as unpublished information. The unpublished information was retrieved by interviewing experts of small and medium-sized enterprises. The results showed that ISA is mostly measured via questionnaires. Round about 40 % of the questionnaires are based on the Knowledge-Attitude-Behavior-Model which is itself scientifically weak. According to studies measuring knowledge is not sufficient and,behavior has to be measured. Our results show that the answers of participants in questionnaires often differ from the truth due to wrong perception or social desirability bias. Therefore, behavior should be measured through behavior tests.
@inproceedings{fertig2020about, abstract = {To make employees aware of their important role for information security, companies typically carry out security awareness campaigns. The success and effectiveness of those campaigns has to be measured to justify the budget for example. Therefore, we did a systematic literature review in order to learn how information security awareness (ISA) is measured in theory and practice. We covered published literature as well as unpublished information. The unpublished information was retrieved by interviewing experts of small and medium-sized enterprises. The results showed that ISA is mostly measured via questionnaires. Round about 40 % of the questionnaires are based on the Knowledge-Attitude-Behavior-Model which is itself scientifically weak. According to studies measuring knowledge is not sufficient and,behavior has to be measured. Our results show that the answers of participants in questionnaires often differ from the truth due to wrong perception or social desirability bias. Therefore, behavior should be measured through behavior tests.}, author = {Fertig, Tobias and Schütz, Andreas}, booktitle = {53rd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences}, keywords = {tfer}, title = {About the Measuring of Information Security Awareness: A Systematic Literature Review}, year = 2020 }
%0 Conference Paper %1 fertig2020about %A Fertig, Tobias %A Schütz, Andreas %B 53rd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences %D 2020 %T About the Measuring of Information Security Awareness: A Systematic Literature Review %U https://scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu/handle/10125/64540 %X To make employees aware of their important role for information security, companies typically carry out security awareness campaigns. The success and effectiveness of those campaigns has to be measured to justify the budget for example. Therefore, we did a systematic literature review in order to learn how information security awareness (ISA) is measured in theory and practice. We covered published literature as well as unpublished information. The unpublished information was retrieved by interviewing experts of small and medium-sized enterprises. The results showed that ISA is mostly measured via questionnaires. Round about 40 % of the questionnaires are based on the Knowledge-Attitude-Behavior-Model which is itself scientifically weak. According to studies measuring knowledge is not sufficient and,behavior has to be measured. Our results show that the answers of participants in questionnaires often differ from the truth due to wrong perception or social desirability bias. Therefore, behavior should be measured through behavior tests. %@ 978-0-9981331-3-3
28.
Müller-Wuttke, M., Schütz, A.E., Franz, F., Müller, N.H.: Proactive Smart City Interactions. In: Zaphiris, P. and Ioannou, A. (eds.) HCI (26). pp. 615–624. Springer (2020).
[ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ]
 
@inproceedings{conf/hci/Muller-WuttkeSF20, author = {Müller-Wuttke, Madlen and Schütz, Andreas E. and Franz, Felix and Müller, Nicholas H.}, booktitle = {HCI (26)}, crossref = {conf/hci/2020-26}, editor = {Zaphiris, Panayiotis and Ioannou, Andri}, keywords = {aschü}, pages = {615-624}, publisher = {Springer}, series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science}, title = {Proactive Smart City Interactions.}, volume = 12206, year = 2020 }
%0 Conference Paper %1 conf/hci/Muller-WuttkeSF20 %A Müller-Wuttke, Madlen %A Schütz, Andreas E. %A Franz, Felix %A Müller, Nicholas H. %B HCI (26) %D 2020 %E Zaphiris, Panayiotis %E Ioannou, Andri %I Springer %P 615-624 %T Proactive Smart City Interactions. %U http://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/conf/hci/hci2020-26.html#Muller-WuttkeSF20 %V 12206 %@ 978-3-030-50506-6
29.
Doering, C., Schmidtner, M., Maerz, J., Mueller, V., Timinger, H.: Agile working during COVID-19 pandemic. Research Notes on Data and Process Science. issue 1, (2020).
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ]
 
Agile working and its values have been applied by companies for several years. The values and principles of agile working aim primarily at teams that work in close proximity, for example in open-plan offices, where the teams usually work together and communicate in daily personal meetings. With the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, many companies reduced office hours and sent their employees to home offices, in order to reduce the risk of infections. Accordingly, the way of working changes significantly, as despite all the technical advances, working from home is different from working in open-plan offices. Direct face-to-face communication has been replaced by online meetings using video conferencing, chats and cloud-based collaboration. Many employees were used to online-based tools for remote collaboration, but others were reluctant to them in the past. Due to the sudden change in the work environment a need to use these tools in order to participate in business at all arose also for the employees who would not have used them under normal conditions. In this article, we present the results of a recent study, in which the impact of the pandemic on agile working is examined. Based on these results, we derive a scenario of the future of agile working in a post COVID-19 world. The study comprises an online survey in Germany. More than 170 people working in different job positions and from different branches and companies participated. The study reveals that the pandemic has significantly changed the way of working. However, people value the digital tools and find ways for effective and efficient collaboration in distant work environments.
@article{doering2020agile, abstract = {Agile working and its values have been applied by companies for several years. The values and principles of agile working aim primarily at teams that work in close proximity, for example in open-plan offices, where the teams usually work together and communicate in daily personal meetings. With the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, many companies reduced office hours and sent their employees to home offices, in order to reduce the risk of infections. Accordingly, the way of working changes significantly, as despite all the technical advances, working from home is different from working in open-plan offices. Direct face-to-face communication has been replaced by online meetings using video conferencing, chats and cloud-based collaboration. Many employees were used to online-based tools for remote collaboration, but others were reluctant to them in the past. Due to the sudden change in the work environment a need to use these tools in order to participate in business at all arose also for the employees who would not have used them under normal conditions. In this article, we present the results of a recent study, in which the impact of the pandemic on agile working is examined. Based on these results, we derive a scenario of the future of agile working in a post COVID-19 world. The study comprises an online survey in Germany. More than 170 people working in different job positions and from different branches and companies participated. The study reveals that the pandemic has significantly changed the way of working. However, people value the digital tools and find ways for effective and efficient collaboration in distant work environments.}, author = {Doering, Claudia and Schmidtner, Markus and Maerz, Johanna and Mueller, Vanessa and Timinger, Holger}, journal = {Research Notes on Data and Process Science}, keywords = {mschdtn}, title = {Agile working during COVID-19 pandemic}, volume = {issue 1}, year = 2020 }
%0 Journal Article %1 doering2020agile %A Doering, Claudia %A Schmidtner, Markus %A Maerz, Johanna %A Mueller, Vanessa %A Timinger, Holger %D 2020 %J Research Notes on Data and Process Science %T Agile working during COVID-19 pandemic %U https://www.haw-landshut.de/fileadmin/Hochschule_Landshut_NEU/Ungeschuetzt/IDP/Research_Notes_on_Data_and_Process_Science/RNDP_Issue1_Agile_working.pdf %V issue 1 %X Agile working and its values have been applied by companies for several years. The values and principles of agile working aim primarily at teams that work in close proximity, for example in open-plan offices, where the teams usually work together and communicate in daily personal meetings. With the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, many companies reduced office hours and sent their employees to home offices, in order to reduce the risk of infections. Accordingly, the way of working changes significantly, as despite all the technical advances, working from home is different from working in open-plan offices. Direct face-to-face communication has been replaced by online meetings using video conferencing, chats and cloud-based collaboration. Many employees were used to online-based tools for remote collaboration, but others were reluctant to them in the past. Due to the sudden change in the work environment a need to use these tools in order to participate in business at all arose also for the employees who would not have used them under normal conditions. In this article, we present the results of a recent study, in which the impact of the pandemic on agile working is examined. Based on these results, we derive a scenario of the future of agile working in a post COVID-19 world. The study comprises an online survey in Germany. More than 170 people working in different job positions and from different branches and companies participated. The study reveals that the pandemic has significantly changed the way of working. However, people value the digital tools and find ways for effective and efficient collaboration in distant work environments.

2019 [ nach oben ]

1.
Liang, H., Zimmermann, A., Kickingereder, R., Faber, C.: Eine neue Methode zur Lösung des Höhenproblems in der Deflektometrie. Deutsche Gesellschaft für angewandte Optik e.V (2019).
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ]
 
Phasenmessende Deflektometrie (PMD) ist ein etabliertes Messverfahren zur Bestimmung der Topographie spiegelnder Freiformflächen. Dabei wird ein bekanntes sinusförmiges Muster auf einem kalibrierten Bildschirm angezeigt. Dieses wird von der Objektoberfläche reflektiert und von einer kalibrierten Kamera aufgenommen. Die lokale Neigung der Oberfläche wird durch Strahlverfolgung ausgewertet. Da jedoch in jedem Kamerapixel nur Information über den Ort des beobachteten Schirmpunkts, nicht aber über dessen Abstrahlrichtung vorliegt, kann die Neigung ohne eine bekannte Höhe nicht eindeutig bestimmt werden. Um diese als „Höhenproblem“ der PMD bekannte Schwierigkeit zu überwinden, werden häufig mehrere Kameras mit überlappenden Bildfeldern verwendet. Dies ist jedoch apparativ aufwendig und nimmt einen großen Bauraum in Anspruch. Auch andere Lösungen wie z.B. die mehrfache Messung bei verschobenen Schirmpositionen oder die Verwendung zusätzlicher Messeinrichtungen zur Bestimmung der Objektlage wirken sich aufgrund der längeren Messzeit und des größeren Kalibrieraufwands nachteilig auf die Performance aus. Es wird ein neues Verfahren vorgestellt, welches obige Nachteile vermeidet.
@inproceedings{noauthororeditor2019methode, abstract = {Phasenmessende Deflektometrie (PMD) ist ein etabliertes Messverfahren zur Bestimmung der Topographie spiegelnder Freiformflächen. Dabei wird ein bekanntes sinusförmiges Muster auf einem kalibrierten Bildschirm angezeigt. Dieses wird von der Objektoberfläche reflektiert und von einer kalibrierten Kamera aufgenommen. Die lokale Neigung der Oberfläche wird durch Strahlverfolgung ausgewertet. Da jedoch in jedem Kamerapixel nur Information über den Ort des beobachteten Schirmpunkts, nicht aber über dessen Abstrahlrichtung vorliegt, kann die Neigung ohne eine bekannte Höhe nicht eindeutig bestimmt werden. Um diese als „Höhenproblem“ der PMD bekannte Schwierigkeit zu überwinden, werden häufig mehrere Kameras mit überlappenden Bildfeldern verwendet. Dies ist jedoch apparativ aufwendig und nimmt einen großen Bauraum in Anspruch. Auch andere Lösungen wie z.B. die mehrfache Messung bei verschobenen Schirmpositionen oder die Verwendung zusätzlicher Messeinrichtungen zur Bestimmung der Objektlage wirken sich aufgrund der längeren Messzeit und des größeren Kalibrieraufwands nachteilig auf die Performance aus. Es wird ein neues Verfahren vorgestellt, welches obige Nachteile vermeidet.}, author = {Liang, Hanning and Zimmermann, Alexander and Kickingereder, Reiner and Faber, Christian}, journal = {Deutsche Gesellschaft für angewandte Optik e.V.}, keywords = {HanL}, title = {Eine neue Methode zur Lösung des Höhenproblems in der Deflektometrie}, year = 2019 }
%0 Conference Paper %1 noauthororeditor2019methode %A Liang, Hanning %A Zimmermann, Alexander %A Kickingereder, Reiner %A Faber, Christian %D 2019 %J Deutsche Gesellschaft für angewandte Optik e.V. %T Eine neue Methode zur Lösung des Höhenproblems in der Deflektometrie %U https://www.dgao-proceedings.de/download/120/120_b14.pdf %X Phasenmessende Deflektometrie (PMD) ist ein etabliertes Messverfahren zur Bestimmung der Topographie spiegelnder Freiformflächen. Dabei wird ein bekanntes sinusförmiges Muster auf einem kalibrierten Bildschirm angezeigt. Dieses wird von der Objektoberfläche reflektiert und von einer kalibrierten Kamera aufgenommen. Die lokale Neigung der Oberfläche wird durch Strahlverfolgung ausgewertet. Da jedoch in jedem Kamerapixel nur Information über den Ort des beobachteten Schirmpunkts, nicht aber über dessen Abstrahlrichtung vorliegt, kann die Neigung ohne eine bekannte Höhe nicht eindeutig bestimmt werden. Um diese als „Höhenproblem“ der PMD bekannte Schwierigkeit zu überwinden, werden häufig mehrere Kameras mit überlappenden Bildfeldern verwendet. Dies ist jedoch apparativ aufwendig und nimmt einen großen Bauraum in Anspruch. Auch andere Lösungen wie z.B. die mehrfache Messung bei verschobenen Schirmpositionen oder die Verwendung zusätzlicher Messeinrichtungen zur Bestimmung der Objektlage wirken sich aufgrund der längeren Messzeit und des größeren Kalibrieraufwands nachteilig auf die Performance aus. Es wird ein neues Verfahren vorgestellt, welches obige Nachteile vermeidet.
2.
Niedermaier, M., Fischer, F., Merli, D., Sigl, G.: Network Scanning and Mapping for IIoT Edge Node Device Security. Computing Research Repository CoRR. abs/1910.07622, (2019).
[ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ]
 
@article{journals/corr/abs-1910-07622, author = {Niedermaier, Matthias and Fischer, Florian and Merli, Dominik and Sigl, Georg}, journal = {Computing Research Repository CoRR}, keywords = {MNie}, title = {Network Scanning and Mapping for IIoT Edge Node Device Security.}, volume = {abs/1910.07622}, year = 2019 }
%0 Journal Article %1 journals/corr/abs-1910-07622 %A Niedermaier, Matthias %A Fischer, Florian %A Merli, Dominik %A Sigl, Georg %D 2019 %J Computing Research Repository CoRR %T Network Scanning and Mapping for IIoT Edge Node Device Security. %U http://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/journals/corr/corr1910.html#abs-1910-07622 %V abs/1910.07622
3.
Niedermaier, M., Hanka, T., Plaga, S., von Bodisco, A., Merli, D.: Efficient Passive ICS Device Discovery and Identification by MAC Address Correlation. Computing Research Repository CoRR. abs/1904.04271, (2019).
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ]
 
Owing to a growing number of attacks, the assessment of Industrial Control Systems (ICSs) has gained in importance. An integral part of an assessment is the creation of a detailed inventory of all connected devices, enabling vulnerability evaluations. For this purpose, scans of networks are crucial. Active scanning, which generates irregular traffic, is a method to get an overview of connected and active devices. Since such additional traffic may lead to an unexpected behavior of devices, active scanning methods should be avoided in critical infrastructure networks. In such cases, passive network monitoring offers an alternative, which is often used in conjunction with complex deep-packet inspection techniques. There are very few publications on lightweight passive scanning methodologies for industrial networks. In this paper, we propose a lightweight passive network monitoring technique using an efficient Media Access Control (MAC) address-based identification of industrial devices. Based on an incomplete set of known MAC address to device associations, the presented method can guess correct device and vendor information. Proving the feasibility of the method, an implementation is also introduced and evaluated regarding its efficiency. The feasibility of predicting a specific device/vendor combination is demonstrated by having similar devices in the database. In our ICS testbed, we reached a host discovery rate of 100% at an identification rate of more than 66%, outperforming the results of existing tools.
@article{journals/corr/abs-1904-04271, abstract = {Owing to a growing number of attacks, the assessment of Industrial Control Systems (ICSs) has gained in importance. An integral part of an assessment is the creation of a detailed inventory of all connected devices, enabling vulnerability evaluations. For this purpose, scans of networks are crucial. Active scanning, which generates irregular traffic, is a method to get an overview of connected and active devices. Since such additional traffic may lead to an unexpected behavior of devices, active scanning methods should be avoided in critical infrastructure networks. In such cases, passive network monitoring offers an alternative, which is often used in conjunction with complex deep-packet inspection techniques. There are very few publications on lightweight passive scanning methodologies for industrial networks. In this paper, we propose a lightweight passive network monitoring technique using an efficient Media Access Control (MAC) address-based identification of industrial devices. Based on an incomplete set of known MAC address to device associations, the presented method can guess correct device and vendor information. Proving the feasibility of the method, an implementation is also introduced and evaluated regarding its efficiency. The feasibility of predicting a specific device/vendor combination is demonstrated by having similar devices in the database. In our ICS testbed, we reached a host discovery rate of 100% at an identification rate of more than 66%, outperforming the results of existing tools.}, author = {Niedermaier, Matthias and Hanka, Thomas and Plaga, Sven and von Bodisco, Alexander and Merli, Dominik}, journal = {Computing Research Repository CoRR}, keywords = {MNie}, title = {Efficient Passive ICS Device Discovery and Identification by MAC Address Correlation.}, volume = {abs/1904.04271}, year = 2019 }
%0 Journal Article %1 journals/corr/abs-1904-04271 %A Niedermaier, Matthias %A Hanka, Thomas %A Plaga, Sven %A von Bodisco, Alexander %A Merli, Dominik %D 2019 %J Computing Research Repository CoRR %T Efficient Passive ICS Device Discovery and Identification by MAC Address Correlation. %U http://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/journals/corr/corr1904.html#abs-1904-04271 %V abs/1904.04271 %X Owing to a growing number of attacks, the assessment of Industrial Control Systems (ICSs) has gained in importance. An integral part of an assessment is the creation of a detailed inventory of all connected devices, enabling vulnerability evaluations. For this purpose, scans of networks are crucial. Active scanning, which generates irregular traffic, is a method to get an overview of connected and active devices. Since such additional traffic may lead to an unexpected behavior of devices, active scanning methods should be avoided in critical infrastructure networks. In such cases, passive network monitoring offers an alternative, which is often used in conjunction with complex deep-packet inspection techniques. There are very few publications on lightweight passive scanning methodologies for industrial networks. In this paper, we propose a lightweight passive network monitoring technique using an efficient Media Access Control (MAC) address-based identification of industrial devices. Based on an incomplete set of known MAC address to device associations, the presented method can guess correct device and vendor information. Proving the feasibility of the method, an implementation is also introduced and evaluated regarding its efficiency. The feasibility of predicting a specific device/vendor combination is demonstrated by having similar devices in the database. In our ICS testbed, we reached a host discovery rate of 100% at an identification rate of more than 66%, outperforming the results of existing tools.
4.
Zoppelt, M., Kolagari, R.T.: What Today’s Serious Cyber Attacks on Cars Tell Us: Consequences for Automotive Security and Dependability. In: Papadopoulos, Y., Aslansefat, K., Katsaros, P., and Bozzano, M. (eds.) IMBSA. pp. 270–285. Springer (2019).
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ]
 
Highly connected with the environment via various interfaces, cars have been the focus of malicious cyber attacks for years. These attacks are becoming an increasing burden for a society with growing vehicle autonomization: they are the sword of Damocles of future mobility. Therefore, research is particularly active in the area of vehicle IT security, and in part also in the area of dependability, in order to develop effective countermeasures and to maintain a minimum of one step ahead of hackers. This paper examines the known state-of-the-art security and dependability measures based on a detailed and systematic analysis of published cyber attacks on automotive software systems. The sobering result of the analysis of the cyber attacks with the model-based technique SAM (Security Abstraction Model) and a categorization of the examined attacks in relation to the known security and dependability measures is that most countermeasures against cyber attacks are hardly effective. They either are not applicable to the underlying problem or take effect too late; the intruder has already gained access to a substantial part of the vehicle when the countermeasures apply. The paper is thus contributing to an understanding of the gaps that exist today in the area of vehicle security and dependability and concludes concrete research challenges.
@inproceedings{conf/imbsa/ZoppeltK19, abstract = {Highly connected with the environment via various interfaces, cars have been the focus of malicious cyber attacks for years. These attacks are becoming an increasing burden for a society with growing vehicle autonomization: they are the sword of Damocles of future mobility. Therefore, research is particularly active in the area of vehicle IT security, and in part also in the area of dependability, in order to develop effective countermeasures and to maintain a minimum of one step ahead of hackers. This paper examines the known state-of-the-art security and dependability measures based on a detailed and systematic analysis of published cyber attacks on automotive software systems. The sobering result of the analysis of the cyber attacks with the model-based technique SAM (Security Abstraction Model) and a categorization of the examined attacks in relation to the known security and dependability measures is that most countermeasures against cyber attacks are hardly effective. They either are not applicable to the underlying problem or take effect too late; the intruder has already gained access to a substantial part of the vehicle when the countermeasures apply. The paper is thus contributing to an understanding of the gaps that exist today in the area of vehicle security and dependability and concludes concrete research challenges.}, author = {Zoppelt, Markus and Kolagari, Ramin Tavakoli}, booktitle = {IMBSA}, crossref = {conf/imbsa/2019}, editor = {Papadopoulos, Yiannis and Aslansefat, Koorosh and Katsaros, Panagiotis and Bozzano, Marco}, keywords = {MZop}, pages = {270-285}, publisher = {Springer}, series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science}, title = {What Today's Serious Cyber Attacks on Cars Tell Us: Consequences for Automotive Security and Dependability.}, volume = 11842, year = 2019 }
%0 Conference Paper %1 conf/imbsa/ZoppeltK19 %A Zoppelt, Markus %A Kolagari, Ramin Tavakoli %B IMBSA %D 2019 %E Papadopoulos, Yiannis %E Aslansefat, Koorosh %E Katsaros, Panagiotis %E Bozzano, Marco %I Springer %P 270-285 %T What Today's Serious Cyber Attacks on Cars Tell Us: Consequences for Automotive Security and Dependability. %U https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-030-32872-6_18 %V 11842 %X Highly connected with the environment via various interfaces, cars have been the focus of malicious cyber attacks for years. These attacks are becoming an increasing burden for a society with growing vehicle autonomization: they are the sword of Damocles of future mobility. Therefore, research is particularly active in the area of vehicle IT security, and in part also in the area of dependability, in order to develop effective countermeasures and to maintain a minimum of one step ahead of hackers. This paper examines the known state-of-the-art security and dependability measures based on a detailed and systematic analysis of published cyber attacks on automotive software systems. The sobering result of the analysis of the cyber attacks with the model-based technique SAM (Security Abstraction Model) and a categorization of the examined attacks in relation to the known security and dependability measures is that most countermeasures against cyber attacks are hardly effective. They either are not applicable to the underlying problem or take effect too late; the intruder has already gained access to a substantial part of the vehicle when the countermeasures apply. The paper is thus contributing to an understanding of the gaps that exist today in the area of vehicle security and dependability and concludes concrete research challenges. %@ 978-3-030-32872-6
5.
Zoppelt, M., Tavakoli Kolagari, R.: UnCle SAM : Modeling Cloud Attacks with the Automotive Security Abstraction Model. In CLOUD COMPUTING 2019. CLOUD COMPUTING 2019, The Tenth International Conference on Cloud Computing, GRIDs, and Virtualization, At Venice, Italy (2019).
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ]
 
Driverless (autonomous) vehicles will have greater attack potential than any other individual mobility vehicles ever before. Most intelligent vehicles require communication interfaces to the environment, direct connections (e.g., Vehicle-to-X (V2X)) to an Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) backend service or a cloud. By connecting to the Internet, which is not only necessary for the infotainment systems, cars could increasingly turn into targets for malware or botnet attacks. Remote control via the Internet by a remote attacker is also conceivable, as has already been impressively demonstrated. This paper examines security modeling for cloud-based remote attacks on autonomous vehicles using a Security Abstraction Model (SAM) for automotive software systems). SAM adds to the early phases of (automotive) software architecture development by explicitly documenting attacks and handling them with security techniques. SAM also provides the basis for comprehensive security analysis techniques, such as the already available Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) or any other attack assessment system.
@inproceedings{zoppelt2019uncle, abstract = {Driverless (autonomous) vehicles will have greater attack potential than any other individual mobility vehicles ever before. Most intelligent vehicles require communication interfaces to the environment, direct connections (e.g., Vehicle-to-X (V2X)) to an Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) backend service or a cloud. By connecting to the Internet, which is not only necessary for the infotainment systems, cars could increasingly turn into targets for malware or botnet attacks. Remote control via the Internet by a remote attacker is also conceivable, as has already been impressively demonstrated. This paper examines security modeling for cloud-based remote attacks on autonomous vehicles using a Security Abstraction Model (SAM) for automotive software systems). SAM adds to the early phases of (automotive) software architecture development by explicitly documenting attacks and handling them with security techniques. SAM also provides the basis for comprehensive security analysis techniques, such as the already available Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) or any other attack assessment system.}, author = {Zoppelt, Markus and Tavakoli Kolagari, Ramin}, booktitle = {CLOUD COMPUTING 2019, The Tenth International Conference on Cloud Computing, GRIDs, and Virtualization, At Venice, Italy}, keywords = {MZop}, title = {UnCle SAM : Modeling Cloud Attacks with the Automotive Security Abstraction Model. In CLOUD COMPUTING 2019}, year = 2019 }
%0 Conference Paper %1 zoppelt2019uncle %A Zoppelt, Markus %A Tavakoli Kolagari, Ramin %B CLOUD COMPUTING 2019, The Tenth International Conference on Cloud Computing, GRIDs, and Virtualization, At Venice, Italy %D 2019 %T UnCle SAM : Modeling Cloud Attacks with the Automotive Security Abstraction Model. In CLOUD COMPUTING 2019 %X Driverless (autonomous) vehicles will have greater attack potential than any other individual mobility vehicles ever before. Most intelligent vehicles require communication interfaces to the environment, direct connections (e.g., Vehicle-to-X (V2X)) to an Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) backend service or a cloud. By connecting to the Internet, which is not only necessary for the infotainment systems, cars could increasingly turn into targets for malware or botnet attacks. Remote control via the Internet by a remote attacker is also conceivable, as has already been impressively demonstrated. This paper examines security modeling for cloud-based remote attacks on autonomous vehicles using a Security Abstraction Model (SAM) for automotive software systems). SAM adds to the early phases of (automotive) software architecture development by explicitly documenting attacks and handling them with security techniques. SAM also provides the basis for comprehensive security analysis techniques, such as the already available Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) or any other attack assessment system.
6.
von Rymon Lipinski, B., Seibt, S., Roth, J., Abé, D.: Level Graph - Incremental Procedural Generation of Indoor Levels using Minimum Spanning Trees. CoG. pp. 1–7. IEEE (2019).
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ]
 
Procedural generation of virtual worlds is an important aspect of game development since decades, typically for increasing replayability or for speeding up the level creation process. However, the utilization of this potential has always been a great challenge due to the difficult controllability of the underlying algorithms or limitations to specific level geometries, like 2D regular structures. In this paper, we present a novel approach for semi-automatic generation of a wide variety of 2D/3D corridor and room systems. The underlying processing pipeline is based on a separation between a user-guided generation of a graph-based abstract level structure and a fully-automatic construction of the corresponding geometry using a pre-modeled component library. The core algorithm is built on the computation of an extended minimal spanning tree, which can be controlled by a set of intuitive vertex and edge parameters. First experimental results have shown that our incremental generation pipeline allows the efficient creation of complex indoor levels, minimizing limitations on level and game designers' creativity.
@inproceedings{conf/cig/LipinskiSRA19, abstract = {Procedural generation of virtual worlds is an important aspect of game development since decades, typically for increasing replayability or for speeding up the level creation process. However, the utilization of this potential has always been a great challenge due to the difficult controllability of the underlying algorithms or limitations to specific level geometries, like 2D regular structures. In this paper, we present a novel approach for semi-automatic generation of a wide variety of 2D/3D corridor and room systems. The underlying processing pipeline is based on a separation between a user-guided generation of a graph-based abstract level structure and a fully-automatic construction of the corresponding geometry using a pre-modeled component library. The core algorithm is built on the computation of an extended minimal spanning tree, which can be controlled by a set of intuitive vertex and edge parameters. First experimental results have shown that our incremental generation pipeline allows the efficient creation of complex indoor levels, minimizing limitations on level and game designers' creativity.}, author = {von Rymon Lipinski, Bartosz and Seibt, Simon and Roth, Johannes and Abé, Dominik}, booktitle = {CoG}, crossref = {conf/cig/2019}, keywords = {ssei}, pages = {1-7}, publisher = {IEEE}, title = {Level Graph - Incremental Procedural Generation of Indoor Levels using Minimum Spanning Trees.}, year = 2019 }
%0 Conference Paper %1 conf/cig/LipinskiSRA19 %A von Rymon Lipinski, Bartosz %A Seibt, Simon %A Roth, Johannes %A Abé, Dominik %B CoG %D 2019 %I IEEE %P 1-7 %T Level Graph - Incremental Procedural Generation of Indoor Levels using Minimum Spanning Trees. %U http://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/conf/cig/cog2019.html#LipinskiSRA19 %X Procedural generation of virtual worlds is an important aspect of game development since decades, typically for increasing replayability or for speeding up the level creation process. However, the utilization of this potential has always been a great challenge due to the difficult controllability of the underlying algorithms or limitations to specific level geometries, like 2D regular structures. In this paper, we present a novel approach for semi-automatic generation of a wide variety of 2D/3D corridor and room systems. The underlying processing pipeline is based on a separation between a user-guided generation of a graph-based abstract level structure and a fully-automatic construction of the corresponding geometry using a pre-modeled component library. The core algorithm is built on the computation of an extended minimal spanning tree, which can be controlled by a set of intuitive vertex and edge parameters. First experimental results have shown that our incremental generation pipeline allows the efficient creation of complex indoor levels, minimizing limitations on level and game designers' creativity. %@ 978-1-7281-1884-0
7.
Weber, K., Saueressig, G., Schütz, A.: Informationssicherheit und Datenschutz an Hochschulen organisieren. Angewandte Forschung in der Wirtschaftsinformatik. (2019).
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ]
 
Für Aufgaben zur Sicherheit von Informationen und zum Schutz von Daten müssen an Hoch-schulen passende Organisationsstrukturen geschaffen werden. Hochschulen haben durch die Freiheit von Forschung und Lehre einerseits und durch einen gesetzlich streng geregelten Verwaltungsbetrieb andererseits spezielle Herausforderungen in der Organisationsgestal-tung. Auf Basis des BSI-Standards 200-2 zeigt der Beitrag eine Organisationsstruktur für In-formationssicherheits-und Datenschutzmanagement, die an einer bayerischen Hochschule entwickelt wurde. Die Organisationsstruktur definiert Rollen und Gremien auf drei Ebenen (strategisch, taktisch, operativ) und unterscheidet zentrale und dezentrale Verantwortlichkei-ten. Die Struktur deckt den hohen Koordinationsbedarf, berücksichtigt die Diskussionskultur und gewährleistet die Partizipation aller Hochschulangehörigen
@article{weber2019informationssicherheit, abstract = {Für Aufgaben zur Sicherheit von Informationen und zum Schutz von Daten müssen an Hoch-schulen passende Organisationsstrukturen geschaffen werden. Hochschulen haben durch die Freiheit von Forschung und Lehre einerseits und durch einen gesetzlich streng geregelten Verwaltungsbetrieb andererseits spezielle Herausforderungen in der Organisationsgestal-tung. Auf Basis des BSI-Standards 200-2 zeigt der Beitrag eine Organisationsstruktur für In-formationssicherheits-und Datenschutzmanagement, die an einer bayerischen Hochschule entwickelt wurde. Die Organisationsstruktur definiert Rollen und Gremien auf drei Ebenen (strategisch, taktisch, operativ) und unterscheidet zentrale und dezentrale Verantwortlichkei-ten. Die Struktur deckt den hohen Koordinationsbedarf, berücksichtigt die Diskussionskultur und gewährleistet die Partizipation aller Hochschulangehörigen}, author = {Weber, Kristin and Saueressig, Gabriel and Schütz, Andreas}, journal = {Angewandte Forschung in der Wirtschaftsinformatik}, keywords = {aschü}, title = {Informationssicherheit und Datenschutz an Hochschulen organisieren}, year = 2019 }
%0 Journal Article %1 weber2019informationssicherheit %A Weber, Kristin %A Saueressig, Gabriel %A Schütz, Andreas %D 2019 %J Angewandte Forschung in der Wirtschaftsinformatik %T Informationssicherheit und Datenschutz an Hochschulen organisieren %U https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Kristin_Weber3/publication/335910772_Informationssicherheit_und_Datenschutz_an_Hochschulen_organisieren/links/5d834821458515cbd1985eb3/Informationssicherheit-und-Datenschutz-an-Hochschulen-organisieren.pdf %X Für Aufgaben zur Sicherheit von Informationen und zum Schutz von Daten müssen an Hoch-schulen passende Organisationsstrukturen geschaffen werden. Hochschulen haben durch die Freiheit von Forschung und Lehre einerseits und durch einen gesetzlich streng geregelten Verwaltungsbetrieb andererseits spezielle Herausforderungen in der Organisationsgestal-tung. Auf Basis des BSI-Standards 200-2 zeigt der Beitrag eine Organisationsstruktur für In-formationssicherheits-und Datenschutzmanagement, die an einer bayerischen Hochschule entwickelt wurde. Die Organisationsstruktur definiert Rollen und Gremien auf drei Ebenen (strategisch, taktisch, operativ) und unterscheidet zentrale und dezentrale Verantwortlichkei-ten. Die Struktur deckt den hohen Koordinationsbedarf, berücksichtigt die Diskussionskultur und gewährleistet die Partizipation aller Hochschulangehörigen
8.
Franz, F., Fertig, T., Schütz, A.E., Vu, H.: Towards Human-readable Smart Contracts. IEEE ICBC. pp. 38–42. IEEE (2019).
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ]
 
In the late 90s the author Ian Grigg defined that smart contracts have to be human-readable like paper contracts while remaining processible by computer programs. The Ethereum Foundation has created a new programming language Solidity that can be used to implement smart contracts. However, the contracts are neither easy to implement nor easy-to-use by the common user. In order to enable users without programming skills to take advantage of the new technology, we propose a generator for smart contracts. Our prototype uses a configuration wizard to determine the requirements of the generated contract. Based on the official ERC Standards of the Ethereum community we will implement a prototype that can configure and generate customized contracts. Moreover, we are covering the challenges that we have to face in order to support automated test case generation and automated deployment processes.
@inproceedings{conf/icbc2/FranzFSV19, abstract = {In the late 90s the author Ian Grigg defined that smart contracts have to be human-readable like paper contracts while remaining processible by computer programs. The Ethereum Foundation has created a new programming language Solidity that can be used to implement smart contracts. However, the contracts are neither easy to implement nor easy-to-use by the common user. In order to enable users without programming skills to take advantage of the new technology, we propose a generator for smart contracts. Our prototype uses a configuration wizard to determine the requirements of the generated contract. Based on the official ERC Standards of the Ethereum community we will implement a prototype that can configure and generate customized contracts. Moreover, we are covering the challenges that we have to face in order to support automated test case generation and automated deployment processes.}, author = {Franz, Felix and Fertig, Tobias and Schütz, Andreas E. and Vu, Henry}, booktitle = {IEEE ICBC}, crossref = {conf/icbc2/2019}, keywords = {aschü}, pages = {38-42}, publisher = {IEEE}, title = {Towards Human-readable Smart Contracts.}, year = 2019 }
%0 Conference Paper %1 conf/icbc2/FranzFSV19 %A Franz, Felix %A Fertig, Tobias %A Schütz, Andreas E. %A Vu, Henry %B IEEE ICBC %D 2019 %I IEEE %P 38-42 %T Towards Human-readable Smart Contracts. %U http://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/conf/icbc2/icbc2019.html#FranzFSV19 %X In the late 90s the author Ian Grigg defined that smart contracts have to be human-readable like paper contracts while remaining processible by computer programs. The Ethereum Foundation has created a new programming language Solidity that can be used to implement smart contracts. However, the contracts are neither easy to implement nor easy-to-use by the common user. In order to enable users without programming skills to take advantage of the new technology, we propose a generator for smart contracts. Our prototype uses a configuration wizard to determine the requirements of the generated contract. Based on the official ERC Standards of the Ethereum community we will implement a prototype that can configure and generate customized contracts. Moreover, we are covering the challenges that we have to face in order to support automated test case generation and automated deployment processes. %@ 978-1-7281-1328-9
9.
Kerscher, S., Ludwig, B., Müller, N.: Investigating the Added Value of Combining Regression Results from Different Window Lengths. AIKE. pp. 128–135. IEEE (2019).
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ]
 
Predicting the motion of a dynamic object by using time series is highly dependent on the chosen window size. If we use a too short window length the prediction gets noisy and is strongly affected by measurement errors. Too large windows lead to an inert behavior. In this paper we want to analyze, if there is an added value of using regression results coming from different window sizes instead of one, for classifying the performed maneuver. For our investigation, we are using motion data from pedestrians, taken by a laser. Those trajectories are the basis for our regression predictions. From those predictions, we are calculating features, based on one regression result with one window size, or based on two results with different window sizes. In the next step, we analyze which features are more significant for maneuver detection. The evaluation is done with feature selection methods like Principal Component Analysis or Extremely Randomized Trees. Additionally, we are training Neural Networks on features sets, stemming from regression results of one, ore two window sizes. On the outcome of those tests we can estimate the added value of two different regression window length. If features, which are using information from short- and longtime regression, are ranked better than features which are only based on one regression output we can conclude that there is an added value by using different window sizes.
@inproceedings{conf/aike/KerscherLM19, abstract = {Predicting the motion of a dynamic object by using time series is highly dependent on the chosen window size. If we use a too short window length the prediction gets noisy and is strongly affected by measurement errors. Too large windows lead to an inert behavior. In this paper we want to analyze, if there is an added value of using regression results coming from different window sizes instead of one, for classifying the performed maneuver. For our investigation, we are using motion data from pedestrians, taken by a laser. Those trajectories are the basis for our regression predictions. From those predictions, we are calculating features, based on one regression result with one window size, or based on two results with different window sizes. In the next step, we analyze which features are more significant for maneuver detection. The evaluation is done with feature selection methods like Principal Component Analysis or Extremely Randomized Trees. Additionally, we are training Neural Networks on features sets, stemming from regression results of one, ore two window sizes. On the outcome of those tests we can estimate the added value of two different regression window length. If features, which are using information from short- and longtime regression, are ranked better than features which are only based on one regression output we can conclude that there is an added value by using different window sizes.}, author = {Kerscher, Stefan and Ludwig, Bernd and Müller, Nikolaus}, booktitle = {AIKE}, crossref = {conf/aike/2019}, keywords = {SKer}, pages = {128-135}, publisher = {IEEE}, title = {Investigating the Added Value of Combining Regression Results from Different Window Lengths.}, year = 2019 }
%0 Conference Paper %1 conf/aike/KerscherLM19 %A Kerscher, Stefan %A Ludwig, Bernd %A Müller, Nikolaus %B AIKE %D 2019 %I IEEE %P 128-135 %T Investigating the Added Value of Combining Regression Results from Different Window Lengths. %U http://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/conf/aike/aike2019.html#KerscherLM19 %X Predicting the motion of a dynamic object by using time series is highly dependent on the chosen window size. If we use a too short window length the prediction gets noisy and is strongly affected by measurement errors. Too large windows lead to an inert behavior. In this paper we want to analyze, if there is an added value of using regression results coming from different window sizes instead of one, for classifying the performed maneuver. For our investigation, we are using motion data from pedestrians, taken by a laser. Those trajectories are the basis for our regression predictions. From those predictions, we are calculating features, based on one regression result with one window size, or based on two results with different window sizes. In the next step, we analyze which features are more significant for maneuver detection. The evaluation is done with feature selection methods like Principal Component Analysis or Extremely Randomized Trees. Additionally, we are training Neural Networks on features sets, stemming from regression results of one, ore two window sizes. On the outcome of those tests we can estimate the added value of two different regression window length. If features, which are using information from short- and longtime regression, are ranked better than features which are only based on one regression output we can conclude that there is an added value by using different window sizes. %@ 978-1-7281-1488-0
10.
Koch, P., May, S., Engelhardt, H., Ziegler, J., Nüchter, A.: Signed Distance Based Reconstruction for Exploration and Change Detection in Underground Mining Disaster Prevention. SSRR. pp. 1–2. IEEE (2019).
[ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ]
 
@inproceedings{conf/ssrr/KochMEZN19, author = {Koch, Philipp and May, Stefan and Engelhardt, Helmut and Ziegler, Jasmin and Nüchter, Andreas}, booktitle = {SSRR}, crossref = {conf/ssrr/2019}, keywords = {phk}, pages = {1-2}, publisher = {IEEE}, title = {Signed Distance Based Reconstruction for Exploration and Change Detection in Underground Mining Disaster Prevention.}, year = 2019 }
%0 Conference Paper %1 conf/ssrr/KochMEZN19 %A Koch, Philipp %A May, Stefan %A Engelhardt, Helmut %A Ziegler, Jasmin %A Nüchter, Andreas %B SSRR %D 2019 %I IEEE %P 1-2 %T Signed Distance Based Reconstruction for Exploration and Change Detection in Underground Mining Disaster Prevention. %U http://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/conf/ssrr/ssrr2019.html#KochMEZN19 %@ 978-1-7281-0778-3
11.
Schütz, A., Tobias, F., Kristin, W., Nicholas, M.: How E-Learning can Faciliate Information Security Awareness. Learning and Collaboration Technologies. (2019).
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ]
 
Users of information systems are increasingly being attacked and exploited by cyber criminals. Information Security Awareness addresses how users can be convinced to behave compliantly to a company’s information security policies. This paper explores the potential of e-Learning as a tool to increase the information security awareness of users. The factors that ultimately lead to information security-compliant behavior are the factors knowledge, habit, salience, and behavioral intent. By looking at the peculiarities of e-Learning, the chances and limitations of influencing these factors are examined exploratory. The basis for this is Bloom’s Taxonomy from learning theory. The paper shows that e-Learning can help influencing knowledge and habit of a person. The salience and intention of a person, however, can only be influenced in combination with other factors. Especially with affective emotions and beliefs, e-Learning can also have negative effects. The paper also gives an outlook on how further quantitative research could help to ultimately shape effective e-Learning courses.
@article{schutz2019elearning, abstract = {Users of information systems are increasingly being attacked and exploited by cyber criminals. Information Security Awareness addresses how users can be convinced to behave compliantly to a company’s information security policies. This paper explores the potential of e-Learning as a tool to increase the information security awareness of users. The factors that ultimately lead to information security-compliant behavior are the factors knowledge, habit, salience, and behavioral intent. By looking at the peculiarities of e-Learning, the chances and limitations of influencing these factors are examined exploratory. The basis for this is Bloom’s Taxonomy from learning theory. The paper shows that e-Learning can help influencing knowledge and habit of a person. The salience and intention of a person, however, can only be influenced in combination with other factors. Especially with affective emotions and beliefs, e-Learning can also have negative effects. The paper also gives an outlook on how further quantitative research could help to ultimately shape effective e-Learning courses.}, author = {Schütz, Andreas and Tobias, Fertig and Kristin, Weber and Nicholas, Müller}, booktitle = {Learning and Collaboration Technologies}, keywords = {aschü}, publisher = {Springer International Publishing}, title = {How E-Learning can Faciliate Information Security Awareness.}, year = 2019 }
%0 Journal Article %1 schutz2019elearning %A Schütz, Andreas %A Tobias, Fertig %A Kristin, Weber %A Nicholas, Müller %B Learning and Collaboration Technologies %D 2019 %I Springer International Publishing %T How E-Learning can Faciliate Information Security Awareness. %X Users of information systems are increasingly being attacked and exploited by cyber criminals. Information Security Awareness addresses how users can be convinced to behave compliantly to a company’s information security policies. This paper explores the potential of e-Learning as a tool to increase the information security awareness of users. The factors that ultimately lead to information security-compliant behavior are the factors knowledge, habit, salience, and behavioral intent. By looking at the peculiarities of e-Learning, the chances and limitations of influencing these factors are examined exploratory. The basis for this is Bloom’s Taxonomy from learning theory. The paper shows that e-Learning can help influencing knowledge and habit of a person. The salience and intention of a person, however, can only be influenced in combination with other factors. Especially with affective emotions and beliefs, e-Learning can also have negative effects. The paper also gives an outlook on how further quantitative research could help to ultimately shape effective e-Learning courses.
12.
Fertig, T., Schütz, A.E., Weber, K., Müller, N.H.: Measuring the Impact of E-Learning Platforms on Information Security Awareness. In: Zaphiris, P. and Ioannou, A. (eds.) HCI (25). pp. 26–37. Springer (2019).
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ]
 
Humans play a central role in information security. The behavior of workers at their workplace affects the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of sensitive corporate information. In addition, attackers exploit the “human factor” as a weak point with techniques such as phishing, malware, and social engineering. Exploiting the lack of awareness is often an easy task with minimal risk. To make employees aware of their important role, companies typically carry out security awareness campaigns. Our university created an e-Learning Platform (eLP) to support our awareness campaigns. In order to determine the success, the effectiveness and the impact of such an awareness campaign, suitable measurement methods are needed. A common approach to measure the success of eLPs is to run surveys and questionnaires with the learners. Since the manual evaluation of those surveys and questionnaires is a time-consuming task, we are researching how a possible automation can be achieved. Moreover, the effectiveness is often evaluated through quizzes or knowledge tests. Since knowledge by itself does not improve the behavior of people, the compliant-behavior has to be measured, too. We derived metrics for success and effectiveness but recognized that success can hardly be measured automatically. To reduce the manual effort we decided to only measure the effectiveness automatically. Therefore, we are measuring the behavior and determine if the security-compliance has increased.
@inproceedings{conf/hci/FertigSWM19, abstract = {Humans play a central role in information security. The behavior of workers at their workplace affects the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of sensitive corporate information. In addition, attackers exploit the “human factor” as a weak point with techniques such as phishing, malware, and social engineering. Exploiting the lack of awareness is often an easy task with minimal risk. To make employees aware of their important role, companies typically carry out security awareness campaigns. Our university created an e-Learning Platform (eLP) to support our awareness campaigns. In order to determine the success, the effectiveness and the impact of such an awareness campaign, suitable measurement methods are needed. A common approach to measure the success of eLPs is to run surveys and questionnaires with the learners. Since the manual evaluation of those surveys and questionnaires is a time-consuming task, we are researching how a possible automation can be achieved. Moreover, the effectiveness is often evaluated through quizzes or knowledge tests. Since knowledge by itself does not improve the behavior of people, the compliant-behavior has to be measured, too. We derived metrics for success and effectiveness but recognized that success can hardly be measured automatically. To reduce the manual effort we decided to only measure the effectiveness automatically. Therefore, we are measuring the behavior and determine if the security-compliance has increased.}, author = {Fertig, Tobias and Schütz, Andreas E. and Weber, Kristin and Müller, Nicholas H.}, booktitle = {HCI (25)}, crossref = {conf/hci/2019-25}, editor = {Zaphiris, Panayiotis and Ioannou, Andri}, keywords = {tfer}, pages = {26-37}, publisher = {Springer}, series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science}, title = {Measuring the Impact of E-Learning Platforms on Information Security Awareness.}, volume = 11590, year = 2019 }
%0 Conference Paper %1 conf/hci/FertigSWM19 %A Fertig, Tobias %A Schütz, Andreas E. %A Weber, Kristin %A Müller, Nicholas H. %B HCI (25) %D 2019 %E Zaphiris, Panayiotis %E Ioannou, Andri %I Springer %P 26-37 %T Measuring the Impact of E-Learning Platforms on Information Security Awareness. %U https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-030-21814-0_3 %V 11590 %X Humans play a central role in information security. The behavior of workers at their workplace affects the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of sensitive corporate information. In addition, attackers exploit the “human factor” as a weak point with techniques such as phishing, malware, and social engineering. Exploiting the lack of awareness is often an easy task with minimal risk. To make employees aware of their important role, companies typically carry out security awareness campaigns. Our university created an e-Learning Platform (eLP) to support our awareness campaigns. In order to determine the success, the effectiveness and the impact of such an awareness campaign, suitable measurement methods are needed. A common approach to measure the success of eLPs is to run surveys and questionnaires with the learners. Since the manual evaluation of those surveys and questionnaires is a time-consuming task, we are researching how a possible automation can be achieved. Moreover, the effectiveness is often evaluated through quizzes or knowledge tests. Since knowledge by itself does not improve the behavior of people, the compliant-behavior has to be measured, too. We derived metrics for success and effectiveness but recognized that success can hardly be measured automatically. To reduce the manual effort we decided to only measure the effectiveness automatically. Therefore, we are measuring the behavior and determine if the security-compliance has increased. %@ 978-3-030-21814-0
13.
Ring, M., Wunderlich, S., Scheuring, D., Landes, D., Hotho, A.: A survey of network-based intrusion detection data sets. In Computers and Security 86, 2019, 147-167, DOI:. Computers and Security. pp. 147–167 (2019).
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ]
 
Labeled data sets are necessary to train and evaluateanomaly-based network intrusion detection systems. This workprovides a focused literature survey of data sets for network-based intrusion detection and describes the underlying packet-and flow-based network data in detail. The paper identifies 15different properties to assess the suitability of individual data setsfor specific evaluation scenarios. These properties cover a widerange of criteria and are grouped into five categories such asdata volume or recording environment for offering a structuredsearch. Based on these properties, a comprehensive overview ofexisting data sets is given. This overview also highlights thepeculiarities of each data set. Furthermore, this work brieflytouches upon other sources for network-based data such astraffic generators and data repositories. Finally, we discuss ourobservations and provide some recommendations for the use andthe creation of network-based data sets.
@inproceedings{ringsurvey, abstract = {Labeled data sets are necessary to train and evaluateanomaly-based network intrusion detection systems. This workprovides a focused literature survey of data sets for network-based intrusion detection and describes the underlying packet-and flow-based network data in detail. The paper identifies 15different properties to assess the suitability of individual data setsfor specific evaluation scenarios. These properties cover a widerange of criteria and are grouped into five categories such asdata volume or recording environment for offering a structuredsearch. Based on these properties, a comprehensive overview ofexisting data sets is given. This overview also highlights thepeculiarities of each data set. Furthermore, this work brieflytouches upon other sources for network-based data such astraffic generators and data repositories. Finally, we discuss ourobservations and provide some recommendations for the use andthe creation of network-based data sets.}, author = {Ring, Markus and Wunderlich, Sarah and Scheuring, Deniz and Landes, Dieter and Hotho, Andreas}, booktitle = {Computers and Security}, keywords = {mr}, pages = {147-167}, title = {A survey of network-based intrusion detection data sets. In Computers and Security 86, 2019, 147-167, DOI:}, volume = 86, year = 2019 }
%0 Conference Paper %1 ringsurvey %A Ring, Markus %A Wunderlich, Sarah %A Scheuring, Deniz %A Landes, Dieter %A Hotho, Andreas %B Computers and Security %D 2019 %P 147-167 %T A survey of network-based intrusion detection data sets. In Computers and Security 86, 2019, 147-167, DOI: %U https://arxiv.org/pdf/1903.02460.pdf %V 86 %X Labeled data sets are necessary to train and evaluateanomaly-based network intrusion detection systems. This workprovides a focused literature survey of data sets for network-based intrusion detection and describes the underlying packet-and flow-based network data in detail. The paper identifies 15different properties to assess the suitability of individual data setsfor specific evaluation scenarios. These properties cover a widerange of criteria and are grouped into five categories such asdata volume or recording environment for offering a structuredsearch. Based on these properties, a comprehensive overview ofexisting data sets is given. This overview also highlights thepeculiarities of each data set. Furthermore, this work brieflytouches upon other sources for network-based data such astraffic generators and data repositories. Finally, we discuss ourobservations and provide some recommendations for the use andthe creation of network-based data sets.
14.
Herl, G., Hiller, J., Kasperl, S., Maier, A.: Reduktion von Metallartefakten durch multipositionale Datenfusion in der industriellen Röntgen-Computertomographie. de Gruyter, tm-Technisches Messen. (2019).
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ]
 
Metal artifacts represent a major challenge for measuring with X-ray computed tomography. This paper presents a method for multipositional data fusion for the reduction of metal artifacts. For this purpose, several scans of the same object are performed with different object positioning, registered on each other and then reconstructed together using a local quality measure. The added value of the method is demonstrated in practical experiments. In particular, it is shown how plastic structures can be made visible despite strong metal artifacts with little effort and without prior knowledge, giving the method a unique selling point compared to existing metal artefact reduction methods.
@article{herl2019reduktion, abstract = {Metal artifacts represent a major challenge for measuring with X-ray computed tomography. This paper presents a method for multipositional data fusion for the reduction of metal artifacts. For this purpose, several scans of the same object are performed with different object positioning, registered on each other and then reconstructed together using a local quality measure. The added value of the method is demonstrated in practical experiments. In particular, it is shown how plastic structures can be made visible despite strong metal artifacts with little effort and without prior knowledge, giving the method a unique selling point compared to existing metal artefact reduction methods.}, author = {Herl, Gabriel and Hiller, Jochen and Kasperl, Stefan and Maier, Andreas}, journal = {de Gruyter, tm-Technisches Messen}, keywords = {gher}, title = {Reduktion von Metallartefakten durch multipositionale Datenfusion in der industriellen Röntgen-Computertomographie}, year = 2019 }
%0 Journal Article %1 herl2019reduktion %A Herl, Gabriel %A Hiller, Jochen %A Kasperl, Stefan %A Maier, Andreas %D 2019 %J de Gruyter, tm-Technisches Messen %T Reduktion von Metallartefakten durch multipositionale Datenfusion in der industriellen Röntgen-Computertomographie %U https://www.degruyter.com/view/j/teme.ahead-of-print/teme-2019-0137/teme-2019-0137.xml %X Metal artifacts represent a major challenge for measuring with X-ray computed tomography. This paper presents a method for multipositional data fusion for the reduction of metal artifacts. For this purpose, several scans of the same object are performed with different object positioning, registered on each other and then reconstructed together using a local quality measure. The added value of the method is demonstrated in practical experiments. In particular, it is shown how plastic structures can be made visible despite strong metal artifacts with little effort and without prior knowledge, giving the method a unique selling point compared to existing metal artefact reduction methods.
15.
Liang, H., Zimmermann, A., Reiner, K., Christian, F.: A new method for solving the height problem in deflectometry. Proceedings Applied Optical Metrology III (2019).
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ]
 
Phase-measuring deflectometry (PMD) is an established measurement method for determining the topography of specular free-form surfaces. However, since each camera pixel only contains information about the location of the observed screen point, but not about the incident ray direction, the surface slope cannot be determined unambiguously without prior knowledge of the height. In order to overcome this difficulty (known as the ”height problem” of PMD), several cameras with overlapping fields of view are often used. This, however, requires a very large screen and additional installation space in order to ensure sufficiently diverse viewing directions within the overlap region. Other solutions, such as multiple measurements with shifted screen positions or the use of additional measuring equipment to determine the object position, also have considerable drawbacks due to the longer measurement time and the greater calibration effort. A new method is presented which avoids these disadvantages.
@inproceedings{liang2019method, abstract = {Phase-measuring deflectometry (PMD) is an established measurement method for determining the topography of specular free-form surfaces. However, since each camera pixel only contains information about the location of the observed screen point, but not about the incident ray direction, the surface slope cannot be determined unambiguously without prior knowledge of the height. In order to overcome this difficulty (known as the ”height problem” of PMD), several cameras with overlapping fields of view are often used. This, however, requires a very large screen and additional installation space in order to ensure sufficiently diverse viewing directions within the overlap region. Other solutions, such as multiple measurements with shifted screen positions or the use of additional measuring equipment to determine the object position, also have considerable drawbacks due to the longer measurement time and the greater calibration effort. A new method is presented which avoids these disadvantages.}, author = {Liang, Hanning and Zimmermann, Alexander and Reiner, Kickingereder and Christian, Faber}, booktitle = {Proceedings Applied Optical Metrology III}, keywords = {HanL}, title = {A new method for solving the height problem in deflectometry}, volume = 11102, year = 2019 }
%0 Conference Paper %1 liang2019method %A Liang, Hanning %A Zimmermann, Alexander %A Reiner, Kickingereder %A Christian, Faber %B Proceedings Applied Optical Metrology III %D 2019 %T A new method for solving the height problem in deflectometry %U https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/conference-proceedings-of-spie/11102/2527747/A-new-method-for-solving-the-height-problem-in-deflectometry/10.1117/12.2527747.short %V 11102 %X Phase-measuring deflectometry (PMD) is an established measurement method for determining the topography of specular free-form surfaces. However, since each camera pixel only contains information about the location of the observed screen point, but not about the incident ray direction, the surface slope cannot be determined unambiguously without prior knowledge of the height. In order to overcome this difficulty (known as the ”height problem” of PMD), several cameras with overlapping fields of view are often used. This, however, requires a very large screen and additional installation space in order to ensure sufficiently diverse viewing directions within the overlap region. Other solutions, such as multiple measurements with shifted screen positions or the use of additional measuring equipment to determine the object position, also have considerable drawbacks due to the longer measurement time and the greater calibration effort. A new method is presented which avoids these disadvantages.
16.
Herl, G., Hiller, J., Sauer, T.: Artifact reduction in X-ray computed tomography by multipositional data fusion using local image quality measures. Proceedings of the 9th Conference on Industrial Computed Tomography, Padova, Italy (iCT 2019) (2019).
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ]
 
Abstract Metal artifacts are still a major problem in X-ray industrial computed tomography. In order to reduce metal artifacts and increase the image quality of X-ray CT-scans, we suggest using projection data from multiple scans with differently positioned object orientations. We present two different approaches for multipositional CT, which are especially effective for multimaterial objects with high absorbing metal parts. On one hand, we reconstruct the different scans separatly, estimate the local quality of the resulting volumes and then fuse these volumes to an optimized volume. On the other hand, we introduce smART (shrinking merged Algebraic Reconstruction Technique) and merge sinograms of different scans, estimate the reliability of each projection pixel and then reconstruct the merged sinogram with an adapted SART reconstruction method. We demonstrate our approaches on simulations and on measurement data and are able to show a significant reduction of image artifacts qualitatively and quantitatively with the help of dimensional measurement results.
@inproceedings{noauthororeditor, abstract = {Abstract Metal artifacts are still a major problem in X-ray industrial computed tomography. In order to reduce metal artifacts and increase the image quality of X-ray CT-scans, we suggest using projection data from multiple scans with differently positioned object orientations. We present two different approaches for multipositional CT, which are especially effective for multimaterial objects with high absorbing metal parts. On one hand, we reconstruct the different scans separatly, estimate the local quality of the resulting volumes and then fuse these volumes to an optimized volume. On the other hand, we introduce smART (shrinking merged Algebraic Reconstruction Technique) and merge sinograms of different scans, estimate the reliability of each projection pixel and then reconstruct the merged sinogram with an adapted SART reconstruction method. We demonstrate our approaches on simulations and on measurement data and are able to show a significant reduction of image artifacts qualitatively and quantitatively with the help of dimensional measurement results.}, author = {Herl, Gabriel and Hiller, Jochen and Sauer, Tomas}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 9th Conference on Industrial Computed Tomography, Padova, Italy (iCT 2019)}, keywords = {gher}, title = {Artifact reduction in X-ray computed tomography by multipositional data fusion using local image quality measures}, year = 2019 }
%0 Conference Paper %1 noauthororeditor %A Herl, Gabriel %A Hiller, Jochen %A Sauer, Tomas %B Proceedings of the 9th Conference on Industrial Computed Tomography, Padova, Italy (iCT 2019) %D 2019 %T Artifact reduction in X-ray computed tomography by multipositional data fusion using local image quality measures %X Abstract Metal artifacts are still a major problem in X-ray industrial computed tomography. In order to reduce metal artifacts and increase the image quality of X-ray CT-scans, we suggest using projection data from multiple scans with differently positioned object orientations. We present two different approaches for multipositional CT, which are especially effective for multimaterial objects with high absorbing metal parts. On one hand, we reconstruct the different scans separatly, estimate the local quality of the resulting volumes and then fuse these volumes to an optimized volume. On the other hand, we introduce smART (shrinking merged Algebraic Reconstruction Technique) and merge sinograms of different scans, estimate the reliability of each projection pixel and then reconstruct the merged sinogram with an adapted SART reconstruction method. We demonstrate our approaches on simulations and on measurement data and are able to show a significant reduction of image artifacts qualitatively and quantitatively with the help of dimensional measurement results.
17.
Schütz, A.E., Fertig, T., Weber, K., Müller, N.H.: How E-Learning Can Facilitate Information Security Awareness. In: Zaphiris, P. and Ioannou, A. (eds.) HCI (25). pp. 390–401. Springer (2019).
[ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ]
 
@inproceedings{conf/hci/SchutzFWM19, author = {Schütz, Andreas E. and Fertig, Tobias and Weber, Kristin and Müller, Nicholas H.}, booktitle = {HCI (25)}, crossref = {conf/hci/2019-25}, editor = {Zaphiris, Panayiotis and Ioannou, Andri}, keywords = {aschü}, pages = {390-401}, publisher = {Springer}, series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science}, title = {How E-Learning Can Facilitate Information Security Awareness.}, volume = 11590, year = 2019 }
%0 Conference Paper %1 conf/hci/SchutzFWM19 %A Schütz, Andreas E. %A Fertig, Tobias %A Weber, Kristin %A Müller, Nicholas H. %B HCI (25) %D 2019 %E Zaphiris, Panayiotis %E Ioannou, Andri %I Springer %P 390-401 %T How E-Learning Can Facilitate Information Security Awareness. %U http://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/conf/hci/hci2019-25.html#SchutzFWM19 %V 11590 %@ 978-3-030-21814-0
18.
Niedermaier, M., Merli, D., Georg, S.: A Secure Dual-MCU Architecture for Robust Communication of IIoT Devices. Mediterranean Conference on Embedded Computing (MECO); IEEE. (2019).
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ]
 
The Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) has already become a part of our everyday life be it water supply, smart grid, or production, IIoT is everywhere. For example, factory operators want to know the current state of the production line. These new demands for data acquisition in modern plants require industrial components to be able to communicate. Nowadays, network communication in Industrial Control Systems (ICSs) is often implemented via an IP-based protocol. This intercommunication also brings a larger attack surface for hackers. If an IIoT device is influenced by attackers, the physical process could be affected. For example, a high network load could cause a high Central Processing Unit (CPU) load and influence the reaction time on the physical control side. In this paper, we introduce a dual Microcontroller Unit (MCU) setup to ensure a resilient controlling for IIoT devices like Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs). We introduce a possible solution for the demand of secure architectures in the IIoT. Moreover, we provide a Proof of Concept (PoC) implementation with a benchmark and a comparison with a standard PLC.
@article{noauthororeditor2019secure, abstract = {The Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) has already become a part of our everyday life be it water supply, smart grid, or production, IIoT is everywhere. For example, factory operators want to know the current state of the production line. These new demands for data acquisition in modern plants require industrial components to be able to communicate. Nowadays, network communication in Industrial Control Systems (ICSs) is often implemented via an IP-based protocol. This intercommunication also brings a larger attack surface for hackers. If an IIoT device is influenced by attackers, the physical process could be affected. For example, a high network load could cause a high Central Processing Unit (CPU) load and influence the reaction time on the physical control side. In this paper, we introduce a dual Microcontroller Unit (MCU) setup to ensure a resilient controlling for IIoT devices like Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs). We introduce a possible solution for the demand of secure architectures in the IIoT. Moreover, we provide a Proof of Concept (PoC) implementation with a benchmark and a comparison with a standard PLC.}, author = {Niedermaier, Matthias and Merli, Dominik and Georg, Sigl}, journal = {Mediterranean Conference on Embedded Computing (MECO); IEEE}, keywords = {mnied}, title = {A Secure Dual-MCU Architecture for Robust Communication of IIoT Devices}, year = 2019 }
%0 Journal Article %1 noauthororeditor2019secure %A Niedermaier, Matthias %A Merli, Dominik %A Georg, Sigl %D 2019 %J Mediterranean Conference on Embedded Computing (MECO); IEEE %T A Secure Dual-MCU Architecture for Robust Communication of IIoT Devices %X The Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) has already become a part of our everyday life be it water supply, smart grid, or production, IIoT is everywhere. For example, factory operators want to know the current state of the production line. These new demands for data acquisition in modern plants require industrial components to be able to communicate. Nowadays, network communication in Industrial Control Systems (ICSs) is often implemented via an IP-based protocol. This intercommunication also brings a larger attack surface for hackers. If an IIoT device is influenced by attackers, the physical process could be affected. For example, a high network load could cause a high Central Processing Unit (CPU) load and influence the reaction time on the physical control side. In this paper, we introduce a dual Microcontroller Unit (MCU) setup to ensure a resilient controlling for IIoT devices like Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs). We introduce a possible solution for the demand of secure architectures in the IIoT. Moreover, we provide a Proof of Concept (PoC) implementation with a benchmark and a comparison with a standard PLC.
19.
Koch, P., May, S., Engelhardt, H., Ziegler, J., Nüchter, A.: Signed Distance Based Reconstruction for Exploration and Change Detection in Underground Mining Disaster Prevention. IEEE International Symposium on Safety, Security, and Rescue Robotics (SSRR ’19). pp. 1–2 (2019).
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ] [ DOI ]
 
This publication describes an application of a Truncated Signed Distance Mapping approach for disaster intervention in underground mine shafts through geometrical change detection of the shaft walls. The paper describes two main problems of such an approach (aligning two potentially huge point clouds and automatic change detection by comparing the reconstructed volumes) and explains in detail the proposed solution.
@inproceedings{SSRR2019_3, abstract = {This publication describes an application of a Truncated Signed Distance Mapping approach for disaster intervention in underground mine shafts through geometrical change detection of the shaft walls. The paper describes two main problems of such an approach (aligning two potentially huge point clouds and automatic change detection by comparing the reconstructed volumes) and explains in detail the proposed solution.}, author = {{Koch}, P. and {May}, S. and {Engelhardt}, H. and {Ziegler}, J. and {N{ü}chter}, A.}, booktitle = {IEEE International Symposium on Safety, Security, and Rescue Robotics (SSRR '19)}, keywords = {phk}, month = {September}, pages = {1--2}, title = {{Signed Distance Based Reconstruction for Exploration and Change Detection in Underground Mining Disaster Prevention}}, year = 2019 }
%0 Conference Paper %1 SSRR2019_3 %A Koch, P. %A May, S. %A Engelhardt, H. %A Ziegler, J. %A Nüchter, A. %B IEEE International Symposium on Safety, Security, and Rescue Robotics (SSRR '19) %D 2019 %P 1--2 %R 10.1109/SSRR.2019.8848931 %T Signed Distance Based Reconstruction for Exploration and Change Detection in Underground Mining Disaster Prevention %U https://robotik.informatik.uni-wuerzburg.de/telematics/download/ssrr2019_3.pdf %X This publication describes an application of a Truncated Signed Distance Mapping approach for disaster intervention in underground mine shafts through geometrical change detection of the shaft walls. The paper describes two main problems of such an approach (aligning two potentially huge point clouds and automatic change detection by comparing the reconstructed volumes) and explains in detail the proposed solution.
20.
Reinker, F., Wagner, R., Hasselmann, K., aus der Wiesche, S., Fritsche, M., Epple, P., Rußwurm, H.J.: Testing, modeling and simulation of fans working with organic vapors. Proceedings of 13th European Conference on Turbomachinery Fluid dynamics & Thermodynamics (2019).
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ]
 
The present contribution presents a test facility for fans working with organic vapors where non-ideal gas effects are relevant. In contrast to conventional testing of atmospheric fans a thermodynamic approach based on very precise temperature measurements is employed for obtaining the performance curves. The experimental data are used for validation of three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations of the organic vapor flows within the turbomachinery including real gas effects. The combined experimental and numerical analysis approach enables the assessment of conventional design rules and correlations. It is found that the influence of the Mach number on efficiency is dominant, and the expected Reynolds number scaling is fully compensated by compressibility effects in the case of an organic vapor with its low speed of sound.
@inproceedings{noauthororeditor2019testing, abstract = {The present contribution presents a test facility for fans working with organic vapors where non-ideal gas effects are relevant. In contrast to conventional testing of atmospheric fans a thermodynamic approach based on very precise temperature measurements is employed for obtaining the performance curves. The experimental data are used for validation of three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations of the organic vapor flows within the turbomachinery including real gas effects. The combined experimental and numerical analysis approach enables the assessment of conventional design rules and correlations. It is found that the influence of the Mach number on efficiency is dominant, and the expected Reynolds number scaling is fully compensated by compressibility effects in the case of an organic vapor with its low speed of sound.}, author = {Reinker, Felix and Wagner, Robert and Hasselmann, Karsten and aus der Wiesche, Stefan and Fritsche, Manuel and Epple, Philipp and Rußwurm, Hans Jörg}, booktitle = {Proceedings of 13th European Conference on Turbomachinery Fluid dynamics & Thermodynamics}, keywords = {mf}, series = {ETC2019-195}, title = {Testing, modeling and simulation of fans working with organic vapors}, year = 2019 }
%0 Conference Paper %1 noauthororeditor2019testing %A Reinker, Felix %A Wagner, Robert %A Hasselmann, Karsten %A aus der Wiesche, Stefan %A Fritsche, Manuel %A Epple, Philipp %A Rußwurm, Hans Jörg %B Proceedings of 13th European Conference on Turbomachinery Fluid dynamics & Thermodynamics %D 2019 %T Testing, modeling and simulation of fans working with organic vapors %U https://www.euroturbo.eu/publications/proceedings-papers/etc2019-195/ %X The present contribution presents a test facility for fans working with organic vapors where non-ideal gas effects are relevant. In contrast to conventional testing of atmospheric fans a thermodynamic approach based on very precise temperature measurements is employed for obtaining the performance curves. The experimental data are used for validation of three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations of the organic vapor flows within the turbomachinery including real gas effects. The combined experimental and numerical analysis approach enables the assessment of conventional design rules and correlations. It is found that the influence of the Mach number on efficiency is dominant, and the expected Reynolds number scaling is fully compensated by compressibility effects in the case of an organic vapor with its low speed of sound.
21.
Auernhammer, K., Tavakoli Kolagari, R., Zoppelt, M.: Attacks on Machine Learning: Lurking Danger for Accountability. Proceedings of the Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence AAAI Workshop on Artificial Intelligence Safety 2019 (2019).
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ]
 
It is well-known that there is no safety without security. That being said, a sound investigation of security breaches on Ma-chine Learning (ML) is a prerequisite for any safety concerns. Since attacks on ML systems and their impact on the security goals threaten the safety of an ML system, we discuss the im-pact attacks have on the ML models’ security goals, which are rarely considered in published scientific papers. The contribution of this paper is a non-exhaustive list of pub-lished attacks on ML models and a categorization of attacks according to their phase (training, after-training) and their im-pact on security goals. Based on our categorization we show that not all security goals have yet been considered in the lit-erature, either because they were ignored or there are no pub-lications on attacks targeting those goals specifically, and that some are difficult to assess, such as accountability. This is probably due to some ML models being a black box.
@inproceedings{auernhammer2019attacks, abstract = {It is well-known that there is no safety without security. That being said, a sound investigation of security breaches on Ma-chine Learning (ML) is a prerequisite for any safety concerns. Since attacks on ML systems and their impact on the security goals threaten the safety of an ML system, we discuss the im-pact attacks have on the ML models’ security goals, which are rarely considered in published scientific papers. The contribution of this paper is a non-exhaustive list of pub-lished attacks on ML models and a categorization of attacks according to their phase (training, after-training) and their im-pact on security goals. Based on our categorization we show that not all security goals have yet been considered in the lit-erature, either because they were ignored or there are no pub-lications on attacks targeting those goals specifically, and that some are difficult to assess, such as accountability. This is probably due to some ML models being a black box.}, author = {Auernhammer, Katja and Tavakoli Kolagari, Ramin and Zoppelt, Markus}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence AAAI Workshop on Artificial Intelligence Safety 2019}, keywords = {kauernh}, title = {Attacks on Machine Learning: Lurking Danger for Accountability}, year = 2019 }
%0 Conference Paper %1 auernhammer2019attacks %A Auernhammer, Katja %A Tavakoli Kolagari, Ramin %A Zoppelt, Markus %B Proceedings of the Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence AAAI Workshop on Artificial Intelligence Safety 2019 %D 2019 %T Attacks on Machine Learning: Lurking Danger for Accountability %X It is well-known that there is no safety without security. That being said, a sound investigation of security breaches on Ma-chine Learning (ML) is a prerequisite for any safety concerns. Since attacks on ML systems and their impact on the security goals threaten the safety of an ML system, we discuss the im-pact attacks have on the ML models’ security goals, which are rarely considered in published scientific papers. The contribution of this paper is a non-exhaustive list of pub-lished attacks on ML models and a categorization of attacks according to their phase (training, after-training) and their im-pact on security goals. Based on our categorization we show that not all security goals have yet been considered in the lit-erature, either because they were ignored or there are no pub-lications on attacks targeting those goals specifically, and that some are difficult to assess, such as accountability. This is probably due to some ML models being a black box.
22.
Sauer, F., Niedermaier, M., Kießling, S., Merli, D.: LICSTER - A Low-cost ICS Security Testbed for Education and Research. Computing Research Repository CoRR. abs/1910.00303, (2019).
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ]
 
Unnoticed by most people, Industrial Control Systems (ICSs) control entire productions and critical infrastructures such as water distribution, smart grid and automotive manufacturing. Due to the ongoing digitalization, these systems are becoming more and more connected in order to enable remote control and monitoring. However, this shift bears significant risks, namely a larger attack surface, which can be exploited by attackers. In order to make these systems more secure, it takes research, which is, however, difficult to conduct on productive systems, since these often have to operate twenty-four-seven. Testbeds are mostly very expensive or based on simulation with no real-world physical process. In this paper, we introduce LICSTER, an open-source low-cost ICS testbed, which enables researchers and students to get hands-on experience with industrial security for about 500 Euro. We provide all necessary material to quickly start ICS hacking, with the focus on low-cost and open-source for education and research.
@article{journals/corr/abs-1910-00303, abstract = {Unnoticed by most people, Industrial Control Systems (ICSs) control entire productions and critical infrastructures such as water distribution, smart grid and automotive manufacturing. Due to the ongoing digitalization, these systems are becoming more and more connected in order to enable remote control and monitoring. However, this shift bears significant risks, namely a larger attack surface, which can be exploited by attackers. In order to make these systems more secure, it takes research, which is, however, difficult to conduct on productive systems, since these often have to operate twenty-four-seven. Testbeds are mostly very expensive or based on simulation with no real-world physical process. In this paper, we introduce LICSTER, an open-source low-cost ICS testbed, which enables researchers and students to get hands-on experience with industrial security for about 500 Euro. We provide all necessary material to quickly start ICS hacking, with the focus on low-cost and open-source for education and research.}, author = {Sauer, Felix and Niedermaier, Matthias and Kießling, Susanne and Merli, Dominik}, journal = {Computing Research Repository CoRR}, keywords = {MNie}, title = {LICSTER - A Low-cost ICS Security Testbed for Education and Research.}, volume = {abs/1910.00303}, year = 2019 }
%0 Journal Article %1 journals/corr/abs-1910-00303 %A Sauer, Felix %A Niedermaier, Matthias %A Kießling, Susanne %A Merli, Dominik %D 2019 %J Computing Research Repository CoRR %T LICSTER - A Low-cost ICS Security Testbed for Education and Research. %U http://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/journals/corr/corr1910.html#abs-1910-00303 %V abs/1910.00303 %X Unnoticed by most people, Industrial Control Systems (ICSs) control entire productions and critical infrastructures such as water distribution, smart grid and automotive manufacturing. Due to the ongoing digitalization, these systems are becoming more and more connected in order to enable remote control and monitoring. However, this shift bears significant risks, namely a larger attack surface, which can be exploited by attackers. In order to make these systems more secure, it takes research, which is, however, difficult to conduct on productive systems, since these often have to operate twenty-four-seven. Testbeds are mostly very expensive or based on simulation with no real-world physical process. In this paper, we introduce LICSTER, an open-source low-cost ICS testbed, which enables researchers and students to get hands-on experience with industrial security for about 500 Euro. We provide all necessary material to quickly start ICS hacking, with the focus on low-cost and open-source for education and research.
23.
aus der Wiesche, S., Reinker, F., Wagner, R., Epple, P., Fritsche, M., Russwurm, H.J.: An Accurate Thermal Measurement Approach for Determining Fan Efficiencies Based on System Identification. ASME-JSME-KSME 2019 8th Joint Fluids Engineering Conference (2019).
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ]
 
A novel thermal measurement approach is presented for the determination of fan efficiencies. This approach is not resting on a simple direct measurement of the occurring temperature difference but on a system identification based on the transient time signal of the involved temperature measurement device. The values of the system parameters can be identified after recording the transient response of the system to a step input, i. e. the fan is suddenly turned on. By means of a representative case study considering a centrifugal fan, the system identification and its relation to fan efficiency are presented. The outcome of the new thermal approach is compared with results of standardized fan performance tests and with results obtained by the direct temperature measurement method without system identification. It is shown that the direct temperature measurement provides typically poor data whereas the novel thermal approach leads to results which are well comparable with these obtained by standard performance test at the design point.
@inproceedings{ausderwiesche2019accurate, abstract = {A novel thermal measurement approach is presented for the determination of fan efficiencies. This approach is not resting on a simple direct measurement of the occurring temperature difference but on a system identification based on the transient time signal of the involved temperature measurement device. The values of the system parameters can be identified after recording the transient response of the system to a step input, i. e. the fan is suddenly turned on. By means of a representative case study considering a centrifugal fan, the system identification and its relation to fan efficiency are presented. The outcome of the new thermal approach is compared with results of standardized fan performance tests and with results obtained by the direct temperature measurement method without system identification. It is shown that the direct temperature measurement provides typically poor data whereas the novel thermal approach leads to results which are well comparable with these obtained by standard performance test at the design point.}, author = {aus der Wiesche, Stefan and Reinker, Felix and Wagner, Robert and Epple, Philipp and Fritsche, Manuel and Russwurm, Hans Jörg}, booktitle = {ASME-JSME-KSME 2019 8th Joint Fluids Engineering Conference}, keywords = {mf}, title = {An Accurate Thermal Measurement Approach for Determining Fan Efficiencies Based on System Identification}, year = 2019 }
%0 Conference Paper %1 ausderwiesche2019accurate %A aus der Wiesche, Stefan %A Reinker, Felix %A Wagner, Robert %A Epple, Philipp %A Fritsche, Manuel %A Russwurm, Hans Jörg %B ASME-JSME-KSME 2019 8th Joint Fluids Engineering Conference %D 2019 %T An Accurate Thermal Measurement Approach for Determining Fan Efficiencies Based on System Identification %U https://asmedigitalcollection.asme.org/FEDSM/proceedings-abstract/AJKFluids2019/59049/V03AT03A014/1069240 %X A novel thermal measurement approach is presented for the determination of fan efficiencies. This approach is not resting on a simple direct measurement of the occurring temperature difference but on a system identification based on the transient time signal of the involved temperature measurement device. The values of the system parameters can be identified after recording the transient response of the system to a step input, i. e. the fan is suddenly turned on. By means of a representative case study considering a centrifugal fan, the system identification and its relation to fan efficiency are presented. The outcome of the new thermal approach is compared with results of standardized fan performance tests and with results obtained by the direct temperature measurement method without system identification. It is shown that the direct temperature measurement provides typically poor data whereas the novel thermal approach leads to results which are well comparable with these obtained by standard performance test at the design point.
24.
Fritsche, M., Epple, P., Hasselmann, K., Reinker, F., Wagner, R., aus der Wiesche, S., Russwurm, H.: CFD-Simulation of Centrifugal Fan Performance Characteristics Using Ideal and Real Gas Models for Air and Organic Fluids. ASME-JSME-KSME 2019 8th Joint Fluids Engineering Conference (2019).
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ]
 
Efficient processes with organic fluids are becoming increasingly important. The high tech fluid Novec™ is such an organic fluid and is used, for example, as a coolant for highperformance electronics, low-temperature heat transfer applications, cooling of automotive batteries, just to mention a few. Thus, efficient designed fans for the transport of organic fluids are becoming more and more important in the process engineering. CFD-simulations are nowadays integral part of the design and optimization process of fans. For air at the most usual application conditions, i.e. no extreme temperatures or pressures, the ideal gas model is in good agreement with the real gas approach. In the present study, this real gas approach for organic fluids have been investigated with CFD methods and, the deviation from the ideal gas model has been analyzed. For this purpose, a simulation model of a centrifugal fan with volute has been designed as a test case. First, the ideal gas model approach has been compared with the real gas approach model of Peng-Robinson for air using the commercial solver ANSYS CFX. Thereafter, the same comparison has been performed using the organic fluid Novec™. After a detailed grid study, the entire fan characteristics, i.e. the design point and the off-design points, have been simulated and evaluated for each fluid (air and Novec™) and gas model (ideal gas and Peng-Robinson real gas). The steady state simulations of the centrifugal fan have been performed using the Frozen Rotor model. The simulation results have been compared, discussed and presented in detail.
@inproceedings{fritsche2019cfdsimulation, abstract = {Efficient processes with organic fluids are becoming increasingly important. The high tech fluid Novec™ is such an organic fluid and is used, for example, as a coolant for highperformance electronics, low-temperature heat transfer applications, cooling of automotive batteries, just to mention a few. Thus, efficient designed fans for the transport of organic fluids are becoming more and more important in the process engineering. CFD-simulations are nowadays integral part of the design and optimization process of fans. For air at the most usual application conditions, i.e. no extreme temperatures or pressures, the ideal gas model is in good agreement with the real gas approach. In the present study, this real gas approach for organic fluids have been investigated with CFD methods and, the deviation from the ideal gas model has been analyzed. For this purpose, a simulation model of a centrifugal fan with volute has been designed as a test case. First, the ideal gas model approach has been compared with the real gas approach model of Peng-Robinson for air using the commercial solver ANSYS CFX. Thereafter, the same comparison has been performed using the organic fluid Novec™. After a detailed grid study, the entire fan characteristics, i.e. the design point and the off-design points, have been simulated and evaluated for each fluid (air and Novec™) and gas model (ideal gas and Peng-Robinson real gas). The steady state simulations of the centrifugal fan have been performed using the Frozen Rotor model. The simulation results have been compared, discussed and presented in detail.}, author = {Fritsche, Manuel and Epple, Philipp and Hasselmann, Karsten and Reinker, Felix and Wagner, Robert and aus der Wiesche, Stefan and Russwurm, Hans}, booktitle = {ASME-JSME-KSME 2019 8th Joint Fluids Engineering Conference}, keywords = {fm}, title = {CFD-Simulation of Centrifugal Fan Performance Characteristics Using Ideal and Real Gas Models for Air and Organic Fluids}, year = 2019 }
%0 Conference Paper %1 fritsche2019cfdsimulation %A Fritsche, Manuel %A Epple, Philipp %A Hasselmann, Karsten %A Reinker, Felix %A Wagner, Robert %A aus der Wiesche, Stefan %A Russwurm, Hans %B ASME-JSME-KSME 2019 8th Joint Fluids Engineering Conference %D 2019 %T CFD-Simulation of Centrifugal Fan Performance Characteristics Using Ideal and Real Gas Models for Air and Organic Fluids %U https://asmedigitalcollection.asme.org/FEDSM/proceedings-abstract/AJKFluids2019/59049/V03AT03A020/1069244 %X Efficient processes with organic fluids are becoming increasingly important. The high tech fluid Novec™ is such an organic fluid and is used, for example, as a coolant for highperformance electronics, low-temperature heat transfer applications, cooling of automotive batteries, just to mention a few. Thus, efficient designed fans for the transport of organic fluids are becoming more and more important in the process engineering. CFD-simulations are nowadays integral part of the design and optimization process of fans. For air at the most usual application conditions, i.e. no extreme temperatures or pressures, the ideal gas model is in good agreement with the real gas approach. In the present study, this real gas approach for organic fluids have been investigated with CFD methods and, the deviation from the ideal gas model has been analyzed. For this purpose, a simulation model of a centrifugal fan with volute has been designed as a test case. First, the ideal gas model approach has been compared with the real gas approach model of Peng-Robinson for air using the commercial solver ANSYS CFX. Thereafter, the same comparison has been performed using the organic fluid Novec™. After a detailed grid study, the entire fan characteristics, i.e. the design point and the off-design points, have been simulated and evaluated for each fluid (air and Novec™) and gas model (ideal gas and Peng-Robinson real gas). The steady state simulations of the centrifugal fan have been performed using the Frozen Rotor model. The simulation results have been compared, discussed and presented in detail.
25.
Epple, P., Steppert, M., Malcherek, A., Fritsche, M.: Theoretical and Numerical Analysis of the Pressure Distribution and Discharge Velocity in Flows Under Inclined Sluice Gates. ASME-JSME_KSME 2019 8th Joint Fluids Engineering Conference. (2019).
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ]
 
The flow under sluice gates is nowadays frequently still determined by empirical approaches, based on the Bernoulli equation and a specific discharge coefficient which depends on the geometry of the sluice gate. This discharge coefficient is determined either from potential theory approaches or from a variety of experimental series. Based on Malcherek’s new momentum balance theory approach, the flow under inclined sluice gates can be described now on a physical approach. While the pressure distribution of the vertical sluice gate, which was investigated by the authors in previous works, results in a horizontal acting force only, the pressure distribution of the inclined sluice gate brings an additional force component acting in the vertical direction. The magnitude and the sign of the force in the vertical direction depends on the sign and the value of the angle of inclination. With the commercial CFD solver Star-CCM+ from Siemens PLM, the flow under inclined sluice gates was investigated in detail, to be compared with Malcherek’s momentum balance theory. For this basic investigation, boundary layer effects and 3D effects were first neglected. For various angles of inclination and water levels the pressure distribution on the ground under the sluice gate and on the surface of the sluice gate itself, were evaluated and mathematical functions were introduced to describe the pressure distributions. These results were compared with the results from the vertical sluice gate. Also the discharge velocity and the volumetric flow rate were analyzed and compared with the Malcherek’s new momentum balance theory for inclined sluice gates.
@article{noauthororeditor2019theoretical, abstract = {The flow under sluice gates is nowadays frequently still determined by empirical approaches, based on the Bernoulli equation and a specific discharge coefficient which depends on the geometry of the sluice gate. This discharge coefficient is determined either from potential theory approaches or from a variety of experimental series. Based on Malcherek’s new momentum balance theory approach, the flow under inclined sluice gates can be described now on a physical approach. While the pressure distribution of the vertical sluice gate, which was investigated by the authors in previous works, results in a horizontal acting force only, the pressure distribution of the inclined sluice gate brings an additional force component acting in the vertical direction. The magnitude and the sign of the force in the vertical direction depends on the sign and the value of the angle of inclination. With the commercial CFD solver Star-CCM+ from Siemens PLM, the flow under inclined sluice gates was investigated in detail, to be compared with Malcherek’s momentum balance theory. For this basic investigation, boundary layer effects and 3D effects were first neglected. For various angles of inclination and water levels the pressure distribution on the ground under the sluice gate and on the surface of the sluice gate itself, were evaluated and mathematical functions were introduced to describe the pressure distributions. These results were compared with the results from the vertical sluice gate. Also the discharge velocity and the volumetric flow rate were analyzed and compared with the Malcherek’s new momentum balance theory for inclined sluice gates.}, author = {Epple, Philipp and Steppert, Michael and Malcherek, Andreas and Fritsche, Manuel}, journal = {ASME-JSME_KSME 2019 8th Joint Fluids Engineering Conference}, keywords = {mf}, title = {Theoretical and Numerical Analysis of the Pressure Distribution and Discharge Velocity in Flows Under Inclined Sluice Gates}, year = 2019 }
%0 Journal Article %1 noauthororeditor2019theoretical %A Epple, Philipp %A Steppert, Michael %A Malcherek, Andreas %A Fritsche, Manuel %D 2019 %J ASME-JSME_KSME 2019 8th Joint Fluids Engineering Conference %T Theoretical and Numerical Analysis of the Pressure Distribution and Discharge Velocity in Flows Under Inclined Sluice Gates %U https://asmedigitalcollection.asme.org/FEDSM/proceedings-abstract/AJKFluids2019/59087/V005T05A056/1069462 %X The flow under sluice gates is nowadays frequently still determined by empirical approaches, based on the Bernoulli equation and a specific discharge coefficient which depends on the geometry of the sluice gate. This discharge coefficient is determined either from potential theory approaches or from a variety of experimental series. Based on Malcherek’s new momentum balance theory approach, the flow under inclined sluice gates can be described now on a physical approach. While the pressure distribution of the vertical sluice gate, which was investigated by the authors in previous works, results in a horizontal acting force only, the pressure distribution of the inclined sluice gate brings an additional force component acting in the vertical direction. The magnitude and the sign of the force in the vertical direction depends on the sign and the value of the angle of inclination. With the commercial CFD solver Star-CCM+ from Siemens PLM, the flow under inclined sluice gates was investigated in detail, to be compared with Malcherek’s momentum balance theory. For this basic investigation, boundary layer effects and 3D effects were first neglected. For various angles of inclination and water levels the pressure distribution on the ground under the sluice gate and on the surface of the sluice gate itself, were evaluated and mathematical functions were introduced to describe the pressure distributions. These results were compared with the results from the vertical sluice gate. Also the discharge velocity and the volumetric flow rate were analyzed and compared with the Malcherek’s new momentum balance theory for inclined sluice gates.
26.
Niedermaier, M., Striegel, M., Sauer, F., Merli, D., Sigl, G.: Efficient Intrusion Detection on Low-Performance Industrial IoT Edge Node Devices. Computing Research Repository CoRR. abs/1908.03964, (2019).
[ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ]
 
@article{journals/corr/abs-1908-03964, author = {Niedermaier, Matthias and Striegel, Martin and Sauer, Felix and Merli, Dominik and Sigl, Georg}, journal = {Computing Research Repository CoRR}, keywords = {MNie}, title = {Efficient Intrusion Detection on Low-Performance Industrial IoT Edge Node Devices.}, volume = {abs/1908.03964}, year = 2019 }
%0 Journal Article %1 journals/corr/abs-1908-03964 %A Niedermaier, Matthias %A Striegel, Martin %A Sauer, Felix %A Merli, Dominik %A Sigl, Georg %D 2019 %J Computing Research Repository CoRR %T Efficient Intrusion Detection on Low-Performance Industrial IoT Edge Node Devices. %U http://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/journals/corr/corr1908.html#abs-1908-03964 %V abs/1908.03964

2018 [ nach oben ]

1.
Kasperl, S., Hanke, R., Oeckl, S., Schmitt, P., Uhlmann, N., Heinz, D., Herl, G., Hiller, J., Kämmler, A., Miller, T., Stock, A.M., Sauer, T.: Digitization, Data Processing and Analysis of Industrial and Cultural Objects: Creating Additional Value from Big Data. Proceedings of the 12th, European Conference on Non-Destructive Testing (ECNDT) 2018, Gothenburg-Sweden (2018).
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ]
 
Abstract In the course of the digitization of three-dimensional objects with great precision, data in hitherto unknown dimensions are amassed which have to be stored, processed and converted into information.
@inproceedings{noauthororeditor, abstract = {Abstract In the course of the digitization of three-dimensional objects with great precision, data in hitherto unknown dimensions are amassed which have to be stored, processed and converted into information.}, author = {Kasperl, Stefan and Hanke, Randolf and Oeckl, Steven and Schmitt, Peter and Uhlmann, Norman and Heinz, Daniel and Herl, Gabriel and Hiller, Jochen and Kämmler, Achim and Miller, Thomas and Stock, Andreas M and Sauer, Tomas}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 12th, European Conference on Non-Destructive Testing (ECNDT) 2018, Gothenburg-Sweden}, keywords = {gher}, title = {Digitization, Data Processing and Analysis of Industrial and Cultural Objects: Creating Additional Value from Big Data}, year = 2018 }
%0 Conference Paper %1 noauthororeditor %A Kasperl, Stefan %A Hanke, Randolf %A Oeckl, Steven %A Schmitt, Peter %A Uhlmann, Norman %A Heinz, Daniel %A Herl, Gabriel %A Hiller, Jochen %A Kämmler, Achim %A Miller, Thomas %A Stock, Andreas M %A Sauer, Tomas %B Proceedings of the 12th, European Conference on Non-Destructive Testing (ECNDT) 2018, Gothenburg-Sweden %D 2018 %T Digitization, Data Processing and Analysis of Industrial and Cultural Objects: Creating Additional Value from Big Data %X Abstract In the course of the digitization of three-dimensional objects with great precision, data in hitherto unknown dimensions are amassed which have to be stored, processed and converted into information.
2.
Ring, M., Schlör, D., Landes, D., Hotho, A.: Flow-based Network Traffic Generation using Generative Adversarial Networks. Computing Research Repository CoRR. abs/1810.07795, (2018).
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ]
 
Flow-based data sets are necessary for evaluating network-based intrusion de- tection systems (NIDS). In this work, we propose a novel methodology for gener- ating realistic flow-based network traffic. Our approach is based on Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) which achieve good results for image generation. A major challenge lies in the fact that GANs can only process continuous at- tributes. However, flow-based data inevitably contain categorical attributes such as IP addresses or port numbers. Therefore, we propose three different preprocessing approaches for flow-based data in order to transform them into continuous values. Further, we present a new method for evaluating the gener- ated flow-based network traffic which uses domain knowledge to define quality tests. We use the three approaches for generating flow-based network traffic based on the CIDDS-001 data set. Experiments indicate that two of the three approaches are able to generate high quality data.
@article{journals/corr/abs-1810-07795, abstract = {Flow-based data sets are necessary for evaluating network-based intrusion de- tection systems (NIDS). In this work, we propose a novel methodology for gener- ating realistic flow-based network traffic. Our approach is based on Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) which achieve good results for image generation. A major challenge lies in the fact that GANs can only process continuous at- tributes. However, flow-based data inevitably contain categorical attributes such as IP addresses or port numbers. Therefore, we propose three different preprocessing approaches for flow-based data in order to transform them into continuous values. Further, we present a new method for evaluating the gener- ated flow-based network traffic which uses domain knowledge to define quality tests. We use the three approaches for generating flow-based network traffic based on the CIDDS-001 data set. Experiments indicate that two of the three approaches are able to generate high quality data.}, author = {Ring, Markus and Schlör, Daniel and Landes, Dieter and Hotho, Andreas}, journal = {Computing Research Repository CoRR}, keywords = {mr}, title = {Flow-based Network Traffic Generation using Generative Adversarial Networks.}, volume = {abs/1810.07795}, year = 2018 }
%0 Journal Article %1 journals/corr/abs-1810-07795 %A Ring, Markus %A Schlör, Daniel %A Landes, Dieter %A Hotho, Andreas %D 2018 %J Computing Research Repository CoRR %T Flow-based Network Traffic Generation using Generative Adversarial Networks. %U http://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/journals/corr/corr1810.html#abs-1810-07795 %V abs/1810.07795 %X Flow-based data sets are necessary for evaluating network-based intrusion de- tection systems (NIDS). In this work, we propose a novel methodology for gener- ating realistic flow-based network traffic. Our approach is based on Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) which achieve good results for image generation. A major challenge lies in the fact that GANs can only process continuous at- tributes. However, flow-based data inevitably contain categorical attributes such as IP addresses or port numbers. Therefore, we propose three different preprocessing approaches for flow-based data in order to transform them into continuous values. Further, we present a new method for evaluating the gener- ated flow-based network traffic which uses domain knowledge to define quality tests. We use the three approaches for generating flow-based network traffic based on the CIDDS-001 data set. Experiments indicate that two of the three approaches are able to generate high quality data.
3.
Pfitzner, C., May, S., Nüchter, A.: Body Weight Estimation for Dose-Finding and Health Monitoring of Lying, Standing and Walking Patients Based on RGB-D Data. Sensors. 18, (2018).
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ] [ DOI ]
 
This paper describes the estimation of the body weight of a person in front of an RGB-D camera. A survey of different methods for body weight estimation based on depth sensors is given. First, an estimation of people standing in front of a camera is presented. Second, an approach based on a stream of depth images is used to obtain the body weight of a person walking towards a sensor. The algorithm first extracts features from a point cloud and forwards them to an artificial neural network (ANN) to obtain an estimation of body weight. Besides the algorithm for the estimation, this paper further presents an open-access dataset based on measurements from a trauma room in a hospital as well as data from visitors of a public event. In total, the dataset contains 439 measurements. The article illustrates the efficiency of the approach with experiments with persons lying down in a hospital, standing persons, and walking persons. Applicable scenarios for the presented algorithm are body weight-related dosing of emergency patients.
@article{SENSORS2018, abstract = {This paper describes the estimation of the body weight of a person in front of an RGB-D camera. A survey of different methods for body weight estimation based on depth sensors is given. First, an estimation of people standing in front of a camera is presented. Second, an approach based on a stream of depth images is used to obtain the body weight of a person walking towards a sensor. The algorithm first extracts features from a point cloud and forwards them to an artificial neural network (ANN) to obtain an estimation of body weight. Besides the algorithm for the estimation, this paper further presents an open-access dataset based on measurements from a trauma room in a hospital as well as data from visitors of a public event. In total, the dataset contains 439 measurements. The article illustrates the efficiency of the approach with experiments with persons lying down in a hospital, standing persons, and walking persons. Applicable scenarios for the presented algorithm are body weight-related dosing of emergency patients.}, author = {Pfitzner, C. and May, S. and N{ü}chter, A.}, journal = {Sensors}, keywords = {cp}, month = {April}, number = 5, title = {Body Weight Estimation for Dose-Finding and Health Monitoring of Lying, Standing and Walking Patients Based on RGB-D Data}, volume = 18, year = 2018 }
%0 Journal Article %1 SENSORS2018 %A Pfitzner, C. %A May, S. %A Nüchter, A. %D 2018 %J Sensors %N 5 %R 10.3390/s18051311 %T Body Weight Estimation for Dose-Finding and Health Monitoring of Lying, Standing and Walking Patients Based on RGB-D Data %U https://robotik.informatik.uni-wuerzburg.de/telematics/download/mdpi2018.pdf %V 18 %X This paper describes the estimation of the body weight of a person in front of an RGB-D camera. A survey of different methods for body weight estimation based on depth sensors is given. First, an estimation of people standing in front of a camera is presented. Second, an approach based on a stream of depth images is used to obtain the body weight of a person walking towards a sensor. The algorithm first extracts features from a point cloud and forwards them to an artificial neural network (ANN) to obtain an estimation of body weight. Besides the algorithm for the estimation, this paper further presents an open-access dataset based on measurements from a trauma room in a hospital as well as data from visitors of a public event. In total, the dataset contains 439 measurements. The article illustrates the efficiency of the approach with experiments with persons lying down in a hospital, standing persons, and walking persons. Applicable scenarios for the presented algorithm are body weight-related dosing of emergency patients.
4.
Stock, M., Herl, G., Sauer, T., Hiller, J.: Edge Preserving Compression of CT Scans using Wavelets. Proceedings of the Structural Health Monitoring, International Symposium Nondestructive Testing 4-5 October 2018, Saarbruecken, Germany (2018).
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ]
 
This work addresses the subject of efficient storage of computed tomography (CT) data with an emphasis on the quality of surfaces. Industrial dimensional metrology often requires high measurement accuracy and we show that this is retained using wavelet-based compression methods. The applied techniques include a tensor product wavelet transform and soft wavelet shrinkage. In our tests on real objects, we compared dimensional CT measurements of compressed and uncompressed volumes. We were able to reduce the necessary storage space significantly with a minimal loss of accuracy. For a multi sphere phantom, we decreased the storage space to 4.7% (from 638 MB to 30 MB) with an average deviation below 1 µm from the original volume.
@inproceedings{noauthororeditor, abstract = {This work addresses the subject of efficient storage of computed tomography (CT) data with an emphasis on the quality of surfaces. Industrial dimensional metrology often requires high measurement accuracy and we show that this is retained using wavelet-based compression methods. The applied techniques include a tensor product wavelet transform and soft wavelet shrinkage. In our tests on real objects, we compared dimensional CT measurements of compressed and uncompressed volumes. We were able to reduce the necessary storage space significantly with a minimal loss of accuracy. For a multi sphere phantom, we decreased the storage space to 4.7% (from 638 MB to 30 MB) with an average deviation below 1 µm from the original volume.}, author = {Stock, Michael and Herl, Gabriel and Sauer, Thomas and Hiller, Jochen}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the Structural Health Monitoring, International Symposium Nondestructive Testing 4-5 October 2018, Saarbruecken, Germany}, keywords = {gher}, title = {Edge Preserving Compression of CT Scans using Wavelets}, year = 2018 }
%0 Conference Paper %1 noauthororeditor %A Stock, Michael %A Herl, Gabriel %A Sauer, Thomas %A Hiller, Jochen %B Proceedings of the Structural Health Monitoring, International Symposium Nondestructive Testing 4-5 October 2018, Saarbruecken, Germany %D 2018 %T Edge Preserving Compression of CT Scans using Wavelets %X This work addresses the subject of efficient storage of computed tomography (CT) data with an emphasis on the quality of surfaces. Industrial dimensional metrology often requires high measurement accuracy and we show that this is retained using wavelet-based compression methods. The applied techniques include a tensor product wavelet transform and soft wavelet shrinkage. In our tests on real objects, we compared dimensional CT measurements of compressed and uncompressed volumes. We were able to reduce the necessary storage space significantly with a minimal loss of accuracy. For a multi sphere phantom, we decreased the storage space to 4.7% (from 638 MB to 30 MB) with an average deviation below 1 µm from the original volume.
5.
Kasperl, S., Hanke, R., Oeckl, S., Schmitt, P., Uhlmann, N., Heinz, D., Herl, G., Hiller, J., Kämmler, A., Miller, T., Stock, A., Sauer, T.: Digitalisierung, Verarbeitung und Analyse kultureller und industrieller Objekte: Wertschöpfung aus großen Datenmengen. Jahrestagung für zerstörungsfreie Prüfung (2018), Deutsche Gesellschaft DGZfP (2018).
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ]
 
Im Zuge der Digitalisierung dreidimensionaler Objekte in großer Genauigkeit fallen Daten in bisher ungekannten Dimensionen an, die gespeichert, verarbeitet und in Information umgewandelt werden müssen.
@inproceedings{noauthororeditor, abstract = {Im Zuge der Digitalisierung dreidimensionaler Objekte in großer Genauigkeit fallen Daten in bisher ungekannten Dimensionen an, die gespeichert, verarbeitet und in Information umgewandelt werden müssen.}, author = {Kasperl, Stefan and Hanke, Randolf and Oeckl, Steven and Schmitt, Peter and Uhlmann, Norman and Heinz, Daniel and Herl, Gabriel and Hiller, Jochen and Kämmler, Achim and Miller, Thomas and Stock, A.Michael and Sauer, Tomas}, booktitle = {Jahrestagung für zerstörungsfreie Prüfung (2018), Deutsche Gesellschaft DGZfP}, keywords = {gher}, title = {Digitalisierung, Verarbeitung und Analyse kultureller und industrieller Objekte: Wertschöpfung aus großen Datenmengen}, year = 2018 }
%0 Conference Paper %1 noauthororeditor %A Kasperl, Stefan %A Hanke, Randolf %A Oeckl, Steven %A Schmitt, Peter %A Uhlmann, Norman %A Heinz, Daniel %A Herl, Gabriel %A Hiller, Jochen %A Kämmler, Achim %A Miller, Thomas %A Stock, A.Michael %A Sauer, Tomas %B Jahrestagung für zerstörungsfreie Prüfung (2018), Deutsche Gesellschaft DGZfP %D 2018 %T Digitalisierung, Verarbeitung und Analyse kultureller und industrieller Objekte: Wertschöpfung aus großen Datenmengen %X Im Zuge der Digitalisierung dreidimensionaler Objekte in großer Genauigkeit fallen Daten in bisher ungekannten Dimensionen an, die gespeichert, verarbeitet und in Information umgewandelt werden müssen.
6.
Schütz, A.E., Fertig, T., Weber, K., Vu, H., Hirth, M., Tran-Gia, T.: Vertrauen ist gut, Blockchain ist besser - Einsatzmöglichkeiten von Blockchain für Vertrauensprobleme im Crowdsourcing. HMD Prax. der Wirtschaftsinformatik. 55, 1155–1166 (2018).
[ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ]
 
@article{journals/hmd/SchutzFWVHT18, author = {Schütz, Andreas E. and Fertig, Tobias and Weber, Kristin and Vu, Henry and Hirth, Matthias and Tran-Gia, Thomas}, journal = {HMD Prax. der Wirtschaftsinformatik}, keywords = {achü aschü}, number = 6, pages = {1155-1166}, title = {Vertrauen ist gut, Blockchain ist besser - Einsatzmöglichkeiten von Blockchain für Vertrauensprobleme im Crowdsourcing.}, volume = 55, year = 2018 }
%0 Journal Article %1 journals/hmd/SchutzFWVHT18 %A Schütz, Andreas E. %A Fertig, Tobias %A Weber, Kristin %A Vu, Henry %A Hirth, Matthias %A Tran-Gia, Thomas %D 2018 %J HMD Prax. der Wirtschaftsinformatik %N 6 %P 1155-1166 %T Vertrauen ist gut, Blockchain ist besser - Einsatzmöglichkeiten von Blockchain für Vertrauensprobleme im Crowdsourcing. %U http://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/journals/hmd/hmd55.html#SchutzFWVHT18 %V 55
7.
Herl, G., Rettenberger, S., Hiller, J., Sauer, T.: Metal artifact reduction by fusion of CT scans from different positions using the unfiltered backprojection. Proceedings of the 8th Conference on Industrial Computed Tomography, Wels, Austria (iCT 2018) (2018).
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ]
 
Abstract Metal objects or metal parts in an object are still a major problem of X-ray computed tomography (CT) because of so called metal artifacts. We propose a new method – a multipositional data fusion – for automatically fusing multiple CT volumes from different positions to reduce these metal artifacts. After scanning a specimen several times at different positions and reconstruction of every scan (e.g. by the filtered backprojection), we also perform an unfiltered backprojection. Based on the assumption that metal artifacts occur the most wherever X-rays are attenuated a lot, the unfiltered backprojection is used to autonomously estimate the likelihood of metal artifacts in every voxel of every scan. The different volumes are registered and then fused by weighted sum preferring the voxels with low values in the unfiltered backprojection results. In our tests on real objects, our method fully automatically created optimized volumes with significantly less metal artifacts. The multipositional data fusion was compared to the commercially multi spectra fusion of Werth Messtechnik GmbH and outperformed it in one of the use cases.
@inproceedings{noauthororeditor, abstract = {Abstract Metal objects or metal parts in an object are still a major problem of X-ray computed tomography (CT) because of so called metal artifacts. We propose a new method – a multipositional data fusion – for automatically fusing multiple CT volumes from different positions to reduce these metal artifacts. After scanning a specimen several times at different positions and reconstruction of every scan (e.g. by the filtered backprojection), we also perform an unfiltered backprojection. Based on the assumption that metal artifacts occur the most wherever X-rays are attenuated a lot, the unfiltered backprojection is used to autonomously estimate the likelihood of metal artifacts in every voxel of every scan. The different volumes are registered and then fused by weighted sum preferring the voxels with low values in the unfiltered backprojection results. In our tests on real objects, our method fully automatically created optimized volumes with significantly less metal artifacts. The multipositional data fusion was compared to the commercially multi spectra fusion of Werth Messtechnik GmbH and outperformed it in one of the use cases.}, author = {Herl, Gabriel and Rettenberger, Simon and Hiller, Jochen and Sauer, Tomas}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 8th Conference on Industrial Computed Tomography, Wels, Austria (iCT 2018)}, keywords = {gher}, title = {Metal artifact reduction by fusion of CT scans from different positions using the unfiltered backprojection}, year = 2018 }
%0 Conference Paper %1 noauthororeditor %A Herl, Gabriel %A Rettenberger, Simon %A Hiller, Jochen %A Sauer, Tomas %B Proceedings of the 8th Conference on Industrial Computed Tomography, Wels, Austria (iCT 2018) %D 2018 %T Metal artifact reduction by fusion of CT scans from different positions using the unfiltered backprojection %X Abstract Metal objects or metal parts in an object are still a major problem of X-ray computed tomography (CT) because of so called metal artifacts. We propose a new method – a multipositional data fusion – for automatically fusing multiple CT volumes from different positions to reduce these metal artifacts. After scanning a specimen several times at different positions and reconstruction of every scan (e.g. by the filtered backprojection), we also perform an unfiltered backprojection. Based on the assumption that metal artifacts occur the most wherever X-rays are attenuated a lot, the unfiltered backprojection is used to autonomously estimate the likelihood of metal artifacts in every voxel of every scan. The different volumes are registered and then fused by weighted sum preferring the voxels with low values in the unfiltered backprojection results. In our tests on real objects, our method fully automatically created optimized volumes with significantly less metal artifacts. The multipositional data fusion was compared to the commercially multi spectra fusion of Werth Messtechnik GmbH and outperformed it in one of the use cases.
8.
Ring, M., Landes, D., Hotho, A.: Detection of slow port scans in flow-based network traffic. PLOS ONE. 13, 1–18 (2018).
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ] [ DOI ]
 
Frequently, port scans are early indicators of more serious attacks. Unfortunately, the detection of slow port scans in company networks is challenging due to the massive amount of network data. This paper proposes an innovative approach for preprocessing flow-based data which is specifically tailored to the detection of slow port scans. The preprocessing chain generates new objects based on flow-based data aggregated over time windows while taking domain knowledge as well as additional knowledge about the network structure into account. The computed objects are used as input for the further analysis. Based on these objects, we propose two different approaches for detection of slow port scans. One approach is unsupervised and uses sequential hypothesis testing whereas the other approach is supervised and uses classification algorithms. We compare both approaches with existing port scan detection algorithms on the flow-based CIDDS-001 data set. Experiments indicate that the proposed approaches achieve better detection rates and exhibit less false alarms than similar algorithms.
@article{10.1371/journal.pone.0204507, abstract = {Frequently, port scans are early indicators of more serious attacks. Unfortunately, the detection of slow port scans in company networks is challenging due to the massive amount of network data. This paper proposes an innovative approach for preprocessing flow-based data which is specifically tailored to the detection of slow port scans. The preprocessing chain generates new objects based on flow-based data aggregated over time windows while taking domain knowledge as well as additional knowledge about the network structure into account. The computed objects are used as input for the further analysis. Based on these objects, we propose two different approaches for detection of slow port scans. One approach is unsupervised and uses sequential hypothesis testing whereas the other approach is supervised and uses classification algorithms. We compare both approaches with existing port scan detection algorithms on the flow-based CIDDS-001 data set. Experiments indicate that the proposed approaches achieve better detection rates and exhibit less false alarms than similar algorithms.}, author = {Ring, Markus and Landes, Dieter and Hotho, Andreas}, journal = {PLOS ONE}, keywords = {mr}, month = {09}, number = 9, pages = {1-18}, publisher = {Public Library of Science}, title = {Detection of slow port scans in flow-based network traffic}, volume = 13, year = 2018 }
%0 Journal Article %1 10.1371/journal.pone.0204507 %A Ring, Markus %A Landes, Dieter %A Hotho, Andreas %D 2018 %I Public Library of Science %J PLOS ONE %N 9 %P 1-18 %R 10.1371/journal.pone.0204507 %T Detection of slow port scans in flow-based network traffic %U https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0204507 %V 13 %X Frequently, port scans are early indicators of more serious attacks. Unfortunately, the detection of slow port scans in company networks is challenging due to the massive amount of network data. This paper proposes an innovative approach for preprocessing flow-based data which is specifically tailored to the detection of slow port scans. The preprocessing chain generates new objects based on flow-based data aggregated over time windows while taking domain knowledge as well as additional knowledge about the network structure into account. The computed objects are used as input for the further analysis. Based on these objects, we propose two different approaches for detection of slow port scans. One approach is unsupervised and uses sequential hypothesis testing whereas the other approach is supervised and uses classification algorithms. We compare both approaches with existing port scan detection algorithms on the flow-based CIDDS-001 data set. Experiments indicate that the proposed approaches achieve better detection rates and exhibit less false alarms than similar algorithms.
9.
Schulz, T., Überle, M.: How Institutional Arrangements impede Realization of Smart Ecosystems: the Case of Door-to-Door Mobility integrators. In: Bednar, P.M., Frank, U., and Kautz, K. (eds.) Proceedings of the European Conference on Information Systems (ECIS 2018), Portsmouth, UK, 2018. p. 135 (2018).
[ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ]
 
@inproceedings{conf/ecis/SchulzU18, author = {Schulz, Thomas and Überle, Martin}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the European Conference on Information Systems (ECIS 2018), Portsmouth, UK, 2018}, crossref = {conf/ecis/2018}, editor = {Bednar, Peter M. and Frank, Ulrich and Kautz, Karlheinz}, keywords = {thschu}, pages = 135, title = {How Institutional Arrangements impede Realization of Smart Ecosystems: the Case of Door-to-Door Mobility integrators.}, year = 2018 }
%0 Conference Paper %1 conf/ecis/SchulzU18 %A Schulz, Thomas %A Überle, Martin %B Proceedings of the European Conference on Information Systems (ECIS 2018), Portsmouth, UK, 2018 %D 2018 %E Bednar, Peter M. %E Frank, Ulrich %E Kautz, Karlheinz %P 135 %T How Institutional Arrangements impede Realization of Smart Ecosystems: the Case of Door-to-Door Mobility integrators. %U http://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/conf/ecis/ecis2018.html#SchulzU18
10.
Schütz, A., Fertig, T., Weber, K., Vu, H., Hirth, M., Tran-Gia, T.: Vertrauen ist gut, Blockchain ist besser - Einsatzmöglichkeiten von Blockchain für Vertrauensprobleme im Crowdsourcing. HMD Praxis der Wirtschaftsinformatik. (2018).
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ]
 
Beim Crowdsourcing schreiben Unternehmen auf speziellen Marktplätzen Arbeiten aus, wo sie von einer großen Anzahl von anonymen Arbeitern bearbeitet werden können. Im Gegensatz zu traditionellen Arbeitsverhältnissen geht beim Crowdsourcing der Arbeitnehmer in Vorleistung. Der Auftraggeber entscheidet anhand der übermittelten Bearbeitung, ob der Arbeitnehmer entlohnt wird oder nicht. Vertrauen zwischen beiden Parteien ist daher ein entscheidender Erfolgsfaktor für Crowdsourcing. Dieser Beitrag beschreibt die Vertrauensprobleme im Crowdsourcing und stellt ein Konzept für ein neuartiges Reputationssystem für Crowdsourcing-Plattformen vor. Das Konzept soll helfen, das Vertrauen im Crowdsourcing zu erhöhen. Umgesetzt wird dieses Konzept mittels Smart Contracts auf der Ethereum Blockchain im Projekt CrowdPrecision. Die Profile von Auftraggeber und Arbeitnehmer werden mit einem Reputationsscore verknüpft, der transparent und fälschungssicher in der Blockchain gespeichert wird. Die einzelnen Aufträge werden über Smart Contracts abgebildet, die eine automatisierte Entlohnung und Bewertung unter Einhaltung der vereinbarten Bedingungen garantieren.
@article{info3-article-2018-5, abstract = {Beim Crowdsourcing schreiben Unternehmen auf speziellen Marktplätzen Arbeiten aus, wo sie von einer großen Anzahl von anonymen Arbeitern bearbeitet werden können. Im Gegensatz zu traditionellen Arbeitsverhältnissen geht beim Crowdsourcing der Arbeitnehmer in Vorleistung. Der Auftraggeber entscheidet anhand der übermittelten Bearbeitung, ob der Arbeitnehmer entlohnt wird oder nicht. Vertrauen zwischen beiden Parteien ist daher ein entscheidender Erfolgsfaktor für Crowdsourcing. Dieser Beitrag beschreibt die Vertrauensprobleme im Crowdsourcing und stellt ein Konzept für ein neuartiges Reputationssystem für Crowdsourcing-Plattformen vor. Das Konzept soll helfen, das Vertrauen im Crowdsourcing zu erhöhen. Umgesetzt wird dieses Konzept mittels Smart Contracts auf der Ethereum Blockchain im Projekt CrowdPrecision. Die Profile von Auftraggeber und Arbeitnehmer werden mit einem Reputationsscore verknüpft, der transparent und fälschungssicher in der Blockchain gespeichert wird. Die einzelnen Aufträge werden über Smart Contracts abgebildet, die eine automatisierte Entlohnung und Bewertung unter Einhaltung der vereinbarten Bedingungen garantieren.}, author = {Schütz, Andreas and Fertig, Tobias and Weber, Kerstin and Vu, Henry and Hirth, Matthias and Tran-Gia, Thomas}, journal = {HMD Praxis der Wirtschaftsinformatik}, keywords = {aschü}, month = 10, title = {Vertrauen ist gut, Blockchain ist besser - Einsatzmöglichkeiten von Blockchain für Vertrauensprobleme im Crowdsourcing}, year = 2018 }
%0 Journal Article %1 info3-article-2018-5 %A Schütz, Andreas %A Fertig, Tobias %A Weber, Kerstin %A Vu, Henry %A Hirth, Matthias %A Tran-Gia, Thomas %D 2018 %J HMD Praxis der Wirtschaftsinformatik %T Vertrauen ist gut, Blockchain ist besser - Einsatzmöglichkeiten von Blockchain für Vertrauensprobleme im Crowdsourcing %X Beim Crowdsourcing schreiben Unternehmen auf speziellen Marktplätzen Arbeiten aus, wo sie von einer großen Anzahl von anonymen Arbeitern bearbeitet werden können. Im Gegensatz zu traditionellen Arbeitsverhältnissen geht beim Crowdsourcing der Arbeitnehmer in Vorleistung. Der Auftraggeber entscheidet anhand der übermittelten Bearbeitung, ob der Arbeitnehmer entlohnt wird oder nicht. Vertrauen zwischen beiden Parteien ist daher ein entscheidender Erfolgsfaktor für Crowdsourcing. Dieser Beitrag beschreibt die Vertrauensprobleme im Crowdsourcing und stellt ein Konzept für ein neuartiges Reputationssystem für Crowdsourcing-Plattformen vor. Das Konzept soll helfen, das Vertrauen im Crowdsourcing zu erhöhen. Umgesetzt wird dieses Konzept mittels Smart Contracts auf der Ethereum Blockchain im Projekt CrowdPrecision. Die Profile von Auftraggeber und Arbeitnehmer werden mit einem Reputationsscore verknüpft, der transparent und fälschungssicher in der Blockchain gespeichert wird. Die einzelnen Aufträge werden über Smart Contracts abgebildet, die eine automatisierte Entlohnung und Bewertung unter Einhaltung der vereinbarten Bedingungen garantieren.
11.
Stieler, M., Kriegl, B.: How do consumers experience the emotional rollercoaster? A smartphone app to measure emotions continously, transfer. Werbeforschung & Praxis. 64, 43–53 (2018).
[ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ]
 
@article{noauthororeditor, author = {Stieler, Maximilian and Kriegl, Bettina}, journal = {Werbeforschung & Praxis}, keywords = {bkrie}, number = 2, pages = {43-53}, title = {How do consumers experience the emotional rollercoaster? A smartphone app to measure emotions continously, transfer}, volume = 64, year = 2018 }
%0 Journal Article %1 noauthororeditor %A Stieler, Maximilian %A Kriegl, Bettina %D 2018 %J Werbeforschung & Praxis %N 2 %P 43-53 %T How do consumers experience the emotional rollercoaster? A smartphone app to measure emotions continously, transfer %V 64
12.
Niedermaier, M., Malchow, J.-O., Fischer, F., Marzin, D., Merli, D., Roth, V., von Bodisco, A.: You Snooze, You Lose: Measuring PLC Cycle Times under Attacks. In: Rossow, C. and Younan, Y. (eds.) WOOT @ USENIX Security Symposium. USENIX Association (2018).
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ]
 
In this work, we show that the electrical side of a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC), that is, the controlled process, can be influenced by packet flooding. This differs from already known Denial of Service (DoS) attacks as the target is the actual process and not network connectivity. We conducted our experiments with 16 devices from six vendors, giving a good overview of the current market. Except for one device, all are susceptible to network flooding attacks. In three cases, an attack even lead to a DoS on the electrical side, completely disrupting any controlled process. In addition, we show that well-known scanning tools have measurable impacts on PLCs. These findings should be taken into consideration by administrators and researchers planning scanning activities.
@inproceedings{conf/woot/NiedermaierMFMM18, abstract = {In this work, we show that the electrical side of a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC), that is, the controlled process, can be influenced by packet flooding. This differs from already known Denial of Service (DoS) attacks as the target is the actual process and not network connectivity. We conducted our experiments with 16 devices from six vendors, giving a good overview of the current market. Except for one device, all are susceptible to network flooding attacks. In three cases, an attack even lead to a DoS on the electrical side, completely disrupting any controlled process. In addition, we show that well-known scanning tools have measurable impacts on PLCs. These findings should be taken into consideration by administrators and researchers planning scanning activities.}, author = {Niedermaier, Matthias and Malchow, Jan-Ole and Fischer, Florian and Marzin, Daniel and Merli, Dominik and Roth, Volker and von Bodisco, Alexander}, booktitle = {WOOT @ USENIX Security Symposium}, crossref = {conf/woot/2018}, editor = {Rossow, Christian and Younan, Yves}, keywords = {MNie}, publisher = {USENIX Association}, title = {You Snooze, You Lose: Measuring PLC Cycle Times under Attacks.}, year = 2018 }
%0 Conference Paper %1 conf/woot/NiedermaierMFMM18 %A Niedermaier, Matthias %A Malchow, Jan-Ole %A Fischer, Florian %A Marzin, Daniel %A Merli, Dominik %A Roth, Volker %A von Bodisco, Alexander %B WOOT @ USENIX Security Symposium %D 2018 %E Rossow, Christian %E Younan, Yves %I USENIX Association %T You Snooze, You Lose: Measuring PLC Cycle Times under Attacks. %U https://www.usenix.org/conference/woot18/presentation/niedermaier %X In this work, we show that the electrical side of a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC), that is, the controlled process, can be influenced by packet flooding. This differs from already known Denial of Service (DoS) attacks as the target is the actual process and not network connectivity. We conducted our experiments with 16 devices from six vendors, giving a good overview of the current market. Except for one device, all are susceptible to network flooding attacks. In three cases, an attack even lead to a DoS on the electrical side, completely disrupting any controlled process. In addition, we show that well-known scanning tools have measurable impacts on PLCs. These findings should be taken into consideration by administrators and researchers planning scanning activities.

2017 [ nach oben ]

1.
Koch, R., May, S., Nüchter, A.: Detection and Purging of Specular Reflective and Transparent Object Influences in 3D Range Measurements. Proceedings of the 7th International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, ISPRS International Workshop 3D-ARCH 2017: "3D Virtual Reconstruction and Visualization of Complex Architectures". pp. 377–384. , Nafplio, Greece (2017).
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ] [ DOI ]
 
3D laser scanners are favoured sensors for mapping in mobile service robotics at indoor and outdoor applications, since they deliver precise measurements at a wide scanning range. The resulting maps are detailed since they have a high resolution. Based on these maps robots navigate through rough terrain, fulfil advanced manipulation, and inspection tasks. In case of specular reflective and transparent objects, e.g., mirrors, windows, shiny metals, the laser measurements get corrupted. Based on the type of object and the incident angle of the incoming laser beam there are three results possible: a measurement point on the object plane, a measurement behind the object plane, and a measurement of a reflected object. It is important to detect such situations to be able to handle these corrupted points. This paper describes why it is difficult to distinguish between specular reflective and transparent surfaces. It presents a 3D- Reflection-Pre-Filter Approach to identify specular reflective and transparent objects in point clouds of a multi-echo laser scanner. Furthermore, it filters point clouds from influences of such objects and extract the object properties for further investigations. Based on an Iterative-Closest-Point-algorithm reflective objects are identified. Object surfaces and points behind surfaces are masked according to their location. Finally, the processed point cloud is forwarded to a mapping module. Furthermore, the object surface corners and the type of the surface is broadcasted. Four experiments demonstrate the usability of the 3D-Reflection-Pre-Filter. The first experiment was made in a empty room containing a mirror, the second experiment was made in a stairway containing a glass door, the third experiment was made in a empty room containing two mirrors, the fourth experiment was made in an office room containing a mirror. This paper demonstrate that for single scans the detection of specular reflective and transparent objects in 3D is possible. It is more reliable in 3D as in 2D. Nevertheless, collect the data of multiple scans and post-filter them as soon as the object was bypassed should pursued. This is why future work concentrates on implementing a post-filter module. Besides, it is the aim to improve the discrimination between specular reflective and transparent objects.
@inproceedings{3DARCH2017_4, abstract = {3D laser scanners are favoured sensors for mapping in mobile service robotics at indoor and outdoor applications, since they deliver precise measurements at a wide scanning range. The resulting maps are detailed since they have a high resolution. Based on these maps robots navigate through rough terrain, fulfil advanced manipulation, and inspection tasks. In case of specular reflective and transparent objects, e.g., mirrors, windows, shiny metals, the laser measurements get corrupted. Based on the type of object and the incident angle of the incoming laser beam there are three results possible: a measurement point on the object plane, a measurement behind the object plane, and a measurement of a reflected object. It is important to detect such situations to be able to handle these corrupted points. This paper describes why it is difficult to distinguish between specular reflective and transparent surfaces. It presents a 3D- Reflection-Pre-Filter Approach to identify specular reflective and transparent objects in point clouds of a multi-echo laser scanner. Furthermore, it filters point clouds from influences of such objects and extract the object properties for further investigations. Based on an Iterative-Closest-Point-algorithm reflective objects are identified. Object surfaces and points behind surfaces are masked according to their location. Finally, the processed point cloud is forwarded to a mapping module. Furthermore, the object surface corners and the type of the surface is broadcasted. Four experiments demonstrate the usability of the 3D-Reflection-Pre-Filter. The first experiment was made in a empty room containing a mirror, the second experiment was made in a stairway containing a glass door, the third experiment was made in a empty room containing two mirrors, the fourth experiment was made in an office room containing a mirror. This paper demonstrate that for single scans the detection of specular reflective and transparent objects in 3D is possible. It is more reliable in 3D as in 2D. Nevertheless, collect the data of multiple scans and post-filter them as soon as the object was bypassed should pursued. This is why future work concentrates on implementing a post-filter module. Besides, it is the aim to improve the discrimination between specular reflective and transparent objects.}, address = {Nafplio, Greece}, author = {Koch, R. and May, S. and N{ü}chter, A.}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 7th International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, ISPRS International Workshop 3D-ARCH 2017: "3D Virtual Reconstruction and Visualization of Complex Architectures"}, keywords = {rk}, month = {March}, pages = {377--384}, series = {ISPRS Archives Photogrammetry and Remote Senssing Spatial Inf. Sci., Volume XLII/W3}, title = {{Detection and Purging of Specular Reflective and Transparent Object Influences in 3D Range Measurements}}, year = 2017 }
%0 Conference Paper %1 3DARCH2017_4 %A Koch, R. %A May, S. %A Nüchter, A. %B Proceedings of the 7th International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, ISPRS International Workshop 3D-ARCH 2017: "3D Virtual Reconstruction and Visualization of Complex Architectures" %C Nafplio, Greece %D 2017 %P 377--384 %R 10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W3-377-2017 %T Detection and Purging of Specular Reflective and Transparent Object Influences in 3D Range Measurements %U https://robotik.informatik.uni-wuerzburg.de/telematics/download/3darch2017mirror.pdf %X 3D laser scanners are favoured sensors for mapping in mobile service robotics at indoor and outdoor applications, since they deliver precise measurements at a wide scanning range. The resulting maps are detailed since they have a high resolution. Based on these maps robots navigate through rough terrain, fulfil advanced manipulation, and inspection tasks. In case of specular reflective and transparent objects, e.g., mirrors, windows, shiny metals, the laser measurements get corrupted. Based on the type of object and the incident angle of the incoming laser beam there are three results possible: a measurement point on the object plane, a measurement behind the object plane, and a measurement of a reflected object. It is important to detect such situations to be able to handle these corrupted points. This paper describes why it is difficult to distinguish between specular reflective and transparent surfaces. It presents a 3D- Reflection-Pre-Filter Approach to identify specular reflective and transparent objects in point clouds of a multi-echo laser scanner. Furthermore, it filters point clouds from influences of such objects and extract the object properties for further investigations. Based on an Iterative-Closest-Point-algorithm reflective objects are identified. Object surfaces and points behind surfaces are masked according to their location. Finally, the processed point cloud is forwarded to a mapping module. Furthermore, the object surface corners and the type of the surface is broadcasted. Four experiments demonstrate the usability of the 3D-Reflection-Pre-Filter. The first experiment was made in a empty room containing a mirror, the second experiment was made in a stairway containing a glass door, the third experiment was made in a empty room containing two mirrors, the fourth experiment was made in an office room containing a mirror. This paper demonstrate that for single scans the detection of specular reflective and transparent objects in 3D is possible. It is more reliable in 3D as in 2D. Nevertheless, collect the data of multiple scans and post-filter them as soon as the object was bypassed should pursued. This is why future work concentrates on implementing a post-filter module. Besides, it is the aim to improve the discrimination between specular reflective and transparent objects.
2.
Ring, M., Wunderlich, S., Grüdl, D., Landes, D., Hotho, A.: Creation of Flow-Based Data Sets for Intrusion Detection. Journal of Information Warfare. 16, 41–54 (2017).
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ]
 
Publicly available labelled data sets are necessary for evaluating anomaly-based Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS). However, existing data sets are often not up-to-date or not yet published because of privacy concerns. This paper identifies requirements for good data sets and proposes an approach for their generation. The key idea is to use a test environment and emulate realistic user behaviour with parameterised scripts on the clients. Comprehensive logging mechanisms provide additional information which may be used for a better understanding of the inner dynamics of an IDS. Finally, the proposed approach is used to generate the flow-based CIDDS-002 data set.
@article{ring2017creation, abstract = {Publicly available labelled data sets are necessary for evaluating anomaly-based Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS). However, existing data sets are often not up-to-date or not yet published because of privacy concerns. This paper identifies requirements for good data sets and proposes an approach for their generation. The key idea is to use a test environment and emulate realistic user behaviour with parameterised scripts on the clients. Comprehensive logging mechanisms provide additional information which may be used for a better understanding of the inner dynamics of an IDS. Finally, the proposed approach is used to generate the flow-based CIDDS-002 data set.}, author = {Ring, Markus and Wunderlich, Sarah and Grüdl, Dominik and Landes, Dieter and Hotho, Andreas}, journal = {Journal of Information Warfare}, keywords = {mr}, month = {Dez}, number = 4, pages = {41-54}, title = {Creation of Flow-Based Data Sets for Intrusion Detection}, volume = 16, year = 2017 }
%0 Journal Article %1 ring2017creation %A Ring, Markus %A Wunderlich, Sarah %A Grüdl, Dominik %A Landes, Dieter %A Hotho, Andreas %D 2017 %J Journal of Information Warfare %N 4 %P 41-54 %T Creation of Flow-Based Data Sets for Intrusion Detection %U https://www.jinfowar.com/journal/volume-16-issue-4/creation-flow-based-data-sets-intrusion-detection %V 16 %X Publicly available labelled data sets are necessary for evaluating anomaly-based Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS). However, existing data sets are often not up-to-date or not yet published because of privacy concerns. This paper identifies requirements for good data sets and proposes an approach for their generation. The key idea is to use a test environment and emulate realistic user behaviour with parameterised scripts on the clients. Comprehensive logging mechanisms provide additional information which may be used for a better understanding of the inner dynamics of an IDS. Finally, the proposed approach is used to generate the flow-based CIDDS-002 data set.
3.
Ring, M., Landes, D., Dallmann, A., Hotho, A.: IP2Vec: Learning Similarities Between IP Addresses. 2017 IEEE International Conference on Data Mining Workshops (ICDMW). pp. 657–666 (2017).
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ] [ DOI ]
 
IP Addresses are a central part of packet- and flow-based network data. However, visualization and similarity computation of IP Addresses are challenging to due the missing natural order. This paper presents a novel similarity measure IP2Vec for IP Addresses that builds on ideas from Word2Vec, a popular approach in text mining. The key idea is to learn similarities by extracting available context information from network data. IP Addresses are similar if they appear in similar contexts. Thus, IP2Vec is automatically derived from the given network data set. The proposed approach is evaluated experimentally on two public flow-based data sets. In particular, we demonstrate the effectiveness of clustering IP Addresses within a botnet data set. In addition, we use visualization methods to analyse the learned similarities in more detail. These experiments indicate that IP2Vec is well suited to capture the similarity of IP Addresses based on their network communications.
@inproceedings{ring2017ip2vec, abstract = {IP Addresses are a central part of packet- and flow-based network data. However, visualization and similarity computation of IP Addresses are challenging to due the missing natural order. This paper presents a novel similarity measure IP2Vec for IP Addresses that builds on ideas from Word2Vec, a popular approach in text mining. The key idea is to learn similarities by extracting available context information from network data. IP Addresses are similar if they appear in similar contexts. Thus, IP2Vec is automatically derived from the given network data set. The proposed approach is evaluated experimentally on two public flow-based data sets. In particular, we demonstrate the effectiveness of clustering IP Addresses within a botnet data set. In addition, we use visualization methods to analyse the learned similarities in more detail. These experiments indicate that IP2Vec is well suited to capture the similarity of IP Addresses based on their network communications.}, author = {Ring, Markus and Landes, Dieter and Dallmann, Alexander and Hotho, Andreas}, journal = {2017 IEEE International Conference on Data Mining Workshops (ICDMW)}, keywords = {mr}, pages = {657-666}, title = {IP2Vec: Learning Similarities Between IP Addresses}, type = {Publication}, year = 2017 }
%0 Conference Paper %1 ring2017ip2vec %A Ring, Markus %A Landes, Dieter %A Dallmann, Alexander %A Hotho, Andreas %D 2017 %J 2017 IEEE International Conference on Data Mining Workshops (ICDMW) %P 657-666 %R 10.1109/ICDMW.2017.93 %T IP2Vec: Learning Similarities Between IP Addresses %X IP Addresses are a central part of packet- and flow-based network data. However, visualization and similarity computation of IP Addresses are challenging to due the missing natural order. This paper presents a novel similarity measure IP2Vec for IP Addresses that builds on ideas from Word2Vec, a popular approach in text mining. The key idea is to learn similarities by extracting available context information from network data. IP Addresses are similar if they appear in similar contexts. Thus, IP2Vec is automatically derived from the given network data set. The proposed approach is evaluated experimentally on two public flow-based data sets. In particular, we demonstrate the effectiveness of clustering IP Addresses within a botnet data set. In addition, we use visualization methods to analyse the learned similarities in more detail. These experiments indicate that IP2Vec is well suited to capture the similarity of IP Addresses based on their network communications. %@ 978-1-5386-3800-2
4.
Ring, M., Wunderlich, S., Grüdl, D., Landes, D., Hotho, A.: A Toolset for Intrusion and Insider Threat Detection. In: Palomares Carrascosa, I., Kalutarage, H.K., and Huang, Y. (eds.) Data Analytics and Decision Support for Cybersecurity: Trends, Methodologies and Applications. pp. 3–31. Springer International Publishing, Cham (2017).
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ] [ DOI ]
 
Company data are a valuable asset and must be protected against unauthorized access and manipulation. In this contribution, we report on our ongoing work that aims to support IT security experts with identifying novel or obfuscated attacks in company networks, irrespective of their origin inside or outside the company network. A new toolset for anomaly based network intrusion detection is proposed. This toolset uses flow-based data which can be easily retrieved by central network components. We study the challenges of analysing flow-based data streams using data mining algorithms and build an appropriate approach step by step. In contrast to previous work, we collect flow-based data for each host over a certain time window, include the knowledge of domain experts and analyse the data from three different views. We argue that incorporating expert knowledge and previous flows allow us to create more meaningful attributes for subsequent analysis methods. This way, we try to detect novel attacks while simultaneously limiting the number of false positives.
@inbook{Ring2017, abstract = {Company data are a valuable asset and must be protected against unauthorized access and manipulation. In this contribution, we report on our ongoing work that aims to support IT security experts with identifying novel or obfuscated attacks in company networks, irrespective of their origin inside or outside the company network. A new toolset for anomaly based network intrusion detection is proposed. This toolset uses flow-based data which can be easily retrieved by central network components. We study the challenges of analysing flow-based data streams using data mining algorithms and build an appropriate approach step by step. In contrast to previous work, we collect flow-based data for each host over a certain time window, include the knowledge of domain experts and analyse the data from three different views. We argue that incorporating expert knowledge and previous flows allow us to create more meaningful attributes for subsequent analysis methods. This way, we try to detect novel attacks while simultaneously limiting the number of false positives.}, address = {Cham}, author = {Ring, Markus and Wunderlich, Sarah and Gr{ü}dl, Dominik and Landes, Dieter and Hotho, Andreas}, booktitle = {Data Analytics and Decision Support for Cybersecurity: Trends, Methodologies and Applications}, editor = {Palomares Carrascosa, Iv{á}n and Kalutarage, Harsha Kumara and Huang, Yan}, keywords = {mr}, pages = {3--31}, publisher = {Springer International Publishing}, title = {A Toolset for Intrusion and Insider Threat Detection}, type = {Publication}, year = 2017 }
%0 Book Section %1 Ring2017 %A Ring, Markus %A Wunderlich, Sarah %A Grüdl, Dominik %A Landes, Dieter %A Hotho, Andreas %B Data Analytics and Decision Support for Cybersecurity: Trends, Methodologies and Applications %C Cham %D 2017 %E Palomares Carrascosa, Iván %E Kalutarage, Harsha Kumara %E Huang, Yan %I Springer International Publishing %P 3--31 %R 10.1007/978-3-319-59439-2_1 %T A Toolset for Intrusion and Insider Threat Detection %U https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-59439-2_1 %X Company data are a valuable asset and must be protected against unauthorized access and manipulation. In this contribution, we report on our ongoing work that aims to support IT security experts with identifying novel or obfuscated attacks in company networks, irrespective of their origin inside or outside the company network. A new toolset for anomaly based network intrusion detection is proposed. This toolset uses flow-based data which can be easily retrieved by central network components. We study the challenges of analysing flow-based data streams using data mining algorithms and build an appropriate approach step by step. In contrast to previous work, we collect flow-based data for each host over a certain time window, include the knowledge of domain experts and analyse the data from three different views. We argue that incorporating expert knowledge and previous flows allow us to create more meaningful attributes for subsequent analysis methods. This way, we try to detect novel attacks while simultaneously limiting the number of false positives. %@ 978-3-319-59439-2
5.
Ring, M., Wunderlich, S., Grüdl, D., Landes, D., Hotho, A.: Flow-based benchmark data sets for intrusion detection. Proceedings of the 16th European Conference on Cyber Warfare and Security (ECCWS). pp. 361–369. ACPI (2017).
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ]
 
Anomaly based intrusion detection systems suffer from a lack of appropriate evaluation data sets. Often, existing data sets may not be published due to privacy concerns or do not reflect actual and current attack scenarios. In order to overcome these problems, we identify characteristics of good data sets and develop an appropriate concept for the generation of labelled flow-based data sets that satisfy these criteria. The concept is implemented based on OpenStack, thus demonstrating the suitability of virtual environments. Virtual environments offer advantages compared to static data sets by easily creating up-to-date data sets with recent trends in user behaviour and new attack scenarios. In particular, we emulate a small business environment which includes several clients and typical servers. Network traffic is generated by scripts which emulate typical user activities like surfing the web, writing emails, or printing documents on the clients. These scripts follow some guidelines to ensure that the user behaviour is as realistic as possible, also with respect to working hours and lunch breaks. The generated network traffic is recorded in unidirectional NetFlow format. For generating malicious traffic, attacks like Denial of Service, Brute Force, and Port Scans are executed within the network. Since origins, targets, and timestamps of executed attacks are known, labelling of recorded NetFlow data is easily possible. For inclusion of actual traffic, which has its origin outside the OpenStack environment, an external server with two services is deployed. This server has a public IP address and is exposed to real and up-to-date attacks from the internet. We captured approximately 32 million flows over a period of four weeks and categorized them into five classes. Further, the chronological sequence of the flows is analysed and the distribution of normal and malicious traffic is discussed in detail. The main contribution of this paper is the demonstration of a novel approach to use OpenStack as a basis for generating realistic data sets that can be used for the evaluation of network intrusion detection systems.
@inproceedings{ring2017data, abstract = {Anomaly based intrusion detection systems suffer from a lack of appropriate evaluation data sets. Often, existing data sets may not be published due to privacy concerns or do not reflect actual and current attack scenarios. In order to overcome these problems, we identify characteristics of good data sets and develop an appropriate concept for the generation of labelled flow-based data sets that satisfy these criteria. The concept is implemented based on OpenStack, thus demonstrating the suitability of virtual environments. Virtual environments offer advantages compared to static data sets by easily creating up-to-date data sets with recent trends in user behaviour and new attack scenarios. In particular, we emulate a small business environment which includes several clients and typical servers. Network traffic is generated by scripts which emulate typical user activities like surfing the web, writing emails, or printing documents on the clients. These scripts follow some guidelines to ensure that the user behaviour is as realistic as possible, also with respect to working hours and lunch breaks. The generated network traffic is recorded in unidirectional NetFlow format. For generating malicious traffic, attacks like Denial of Service, Brute Force, and Port Scans are executed within the network. Since origins, targets, and timestamps of executed attacks are known, labelling of recorded NetFlow data is easily possible. For inclusion of actual traffic, which has its origin outside the OpenStack environment, an external server with two services is deployed. This server has a public IP address and is exposed to real and up-to-date attacks from the internet. We captured approximately 32 million flows over a period of four weeks and categorized them into five classes. Further, the chronological sequence of the flows is analysed and the distribution of normal and malicious traffic is discussed in detail. The main contribution of this paper is the demonstration of a novel approach to use OpenStack as a basis for generating realistic data sets that can be used for the evaluation of network intrusion detection systems.}, author = {Ring, Markus and Wunderlich, Sarah and Grüdl, Dominik and Landes, Dieter and Hotho, Andreas}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 16th European Conference on Cyber Warfare and Security (ECCWS)}, keywords = {mr}, pages = {361--369}, publisher = {ACPI}, title = {Flow-based benchmark data sets for intrusion detection}, year = 2017 }
%0 Conference Paper %1 ring2017data %A Ring, Markus %A Wunderlich, Sarah %A Grüdl, Dominik %A Landes, Dieter %A Hotho, Andreas %B Proceedings of the 16th European Conference on Cyber Warfare and Security (ECCWS) %D 2017 %I ACPI %P 361--369 %T Flow-based benchmark data sets for intrusion detection %X Anomaly based intrusion detection systems suffer from a lack of appropriate evaluation data sets. Often, existing data sets may not be published due to privacy concerns or do not reflect actual and current attack scenarios. In order to overcome these problems, we identify characteristics of good data sets and develop an appropriate concept for the generation of labelled flow-based data sets that satisfy these criteria. The concept is implemented based on OpenStack, thus demonstrating the suitability of virtual environments. Virtual environments offer advantages compared to static data sets by easily creating up-to-date data sets with recent trends in user behaviour and new attack scenarios. In particular, we emulate a small business environment which includes several clients and typical servers. Network traffic is generated by scripts which emulate typical user activities like surfing the web, writing emails, or printing documents on the clients. These scripts follow some guidelines to ensure that the user behaviour is as realistic as possible, also with respect to working hours and lunch breaks. The generated network traffic is recorded in unidirectional NetFlow format. For generating malicious traffic, attacks like Denial of Service, Brute Force, and Port Scans are executed within the network. Since origins, targets, and timestamps of executed attacks are known, labelling of recorded NetFlow data is easily possible. For inclusion of actual traffic, which has its origin outside the OpenStack environment, an external server with two services is deployed. This server has a public IP address and is exposed to real and up-to-date attacks from the internet. We captured approximately 32 million flows over a period of four weeks and categorized them into five classes. Further, the chronological sequence of the flows is analysed and the distribution of normal and malicious traffic is discussed in detail. The main contribution of this paper is the demonstration of a novel approach to use OpenStack as a basis for generating realistic data sets that can be used for the evaluation of network intrusion detection systems. %@ 1911218433
6.
Pfitzner, C., May, S., Nüchter, A.: Evaluation of Features from RGB-D Data for Human Body Weight Estimation. International Federation of Automatic Control. , Toulouse, France (2017).
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ] [ DOI ]
 
Body weight is a crucial parameter when it comes to drug or radiation dosing. In case of emergency treatment time is short so that physicians estimate the body weight by the visual appearance of a patient. Further, visual body weight estimation might be a feature for person identification. This paper presents the anthropometric feature extraction from RGB-D sensor data, recorded from frontal view. The features are forwarded to an artificial neural network for weight estimation. Experiments with 233 people demonstrate the capability of different features for body weight estimation. To prove robustness against sensor modalities, a structured light sensor is used, as well as a time-of-flight sensor. An additional experiment including temperature features from a thermal camera improves the body weight estimation beyond.
@inproceedings{WC2017_2, abstract = {Body weight is a crucial parameter when it comes to drug or radiation dosing. In case of emergency treatment time is short so that physicians estimate the body weight by the visual appearance of a patient. Further, visual body weight estimation might be a feature for person identification. This paper presents the anthropometric feature extraction from RGB-D sensor data, recorded from frontal view. The features are forwarded to an artificial neural network for weight estimation. Experiments with 233 people demonstrate the capability of different features for body weight estimation. To prove robustness against sensor modalities, a structured light sensor is used, as well as a time-of-flight sensor. An additional experiment including temperature features from a thermal camera improves the body weight estimation beyond.}, address = {Toulouse, France}, author = {Pfitzner, C. and May, S. and N{ü}chter, A.}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 20th World Congress of the International Federation of Automatic Control (IFAC WC '17)}, journal = {International Federation of Automatic Control}, keywords = {cp}, month = {July}, title = {{Evaluation of Features from RGB-D Data for Human Body Weight Estimation}}, year = 2017 }
%0 Conference Paper %1 WC2017_2 %A Pfitzner, C. %A May, S. %A Nüchter, A. %B Proceedings of the 20th World Congress of the International Federation of Automatic Control (IFAC WC '17) %C Toulouse, France %D 2017 %J International Federation of Automatic Control %R 10.1016/j.ifacol.2017.08.1761 %T Evaluation of Features from RGB-D Data for Human Body Weight Estimation %U https://robotik.informatik.uni-wuerzburg.de/telematics/download/iwc2017_1.pdf %X Body weight is a crucial parameter when it comes to drug or radiation dosing. In case of emergency treatment time is short so that physicians estimate the body weight by the visual appearance of a patient. Further, visual body weight estimation might be a feature for person identification. This paper presents the anthropometric feature extraction from RGB-D sensor data, recorded from frontal view. The features are forwarded to an artificial neural network for weight estimation. Experiments with 233 people demonstrate the capability of different features for body weight estimation. To prove robustness against sensor modalities, a structured light sensor is used, as well as a time-of-flight sensor. An additional experiment including temperature features from a thermal camera improves the body weight estimation beyond.
7.
Marc Philipp Dietrich, G.W.: Towards EEG-Based Eye-Tracking for Interaction Design in Head-Mounted Devices. Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Consumer Electronics Berlin (ICCE-Berlin), 2017 IEEE (2017).
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ] [ DOI ]
 
Augmented Reality (AR), Mixed Reality (MR) and Virtual Reality (VR) have an increasing impact on our daily lives. They improve workers' performance in industry and medicine. In addition gaming and entertainment profit from these innovations. The enabling devices are often head-mounted. New intuitive interaction methods must be developed to control application, because conventional input devices such as keyboards, touch screens or classical touch pads cannot be used. This paper introduces electroencephalographic (EEG) eye-tracking as an additional interaction channel. Ocular artefacts (EOG) in the EEG signal are used to detect eye positions. A Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) is used to capture the data. Data is processed and EOG artefacts are extracted to compute the position of the pupil. The first test runs confirm that ocular artefacts in the EEG signal are strongly correlated with the position of the pupils. Extreme positions of the pupils (horizontal left, horizontal right, vertical up and vertical down) can be detected with high accuracy (true-positive-rate of up to 96,6%). In future tests, we successively refine the direction and speed of eye movement and verify their usage under real-time conditions.
@inproceedings{marcphilippdietrichgotzwinterfeldt2017towards, abstract = {Augmented Reality (AR), Mixed Reality (MR) and Virtual Reality (VR) have an increasing impact on our daily lives. They improve workers' performance in industry and medicine. In addition gaming and entertainment profit from these innovations. The enabling devices are often head-mounted. New intuitive interaction methods must be developed to control application, because conventional input devices such as keyboards, touch screens or classical touch pads cannot be used. This paper introduces electroencephalographic (EEG) eye-tracking as an additional interaction channel. Ocular artefacts (EOG) in the EEG signal are used to detect eye positions. A Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) is used to capture the data. Data is processed and EOG artefacts are extracted to compute the position of the pupil. The first test runs confirm that ocular artefacts in the EEG signal are strongly correlated with the position of the pupils. Extreme positions of the pupils (horizontal left, horizontal right, vertical up and vertical down) can be detected with high accuracy (true-positive-rate of up to 96,6%). In future tests, we successively refine the direction and speed of eye movement and verify their usage under real-time conditions.}, author = {{Marc Philipp Dietrich, Götz Winterfeld}, Sebastian von Mammen}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Consumer Electronics Berlin (ICCE-Berlin), 2017 IEEE}, keywords = {mpd}, title = {Towards EEG-Based Eye-Tracking for Interaction Design in Head-Mounted Devices}, year = 2017 }
%0 Conference Paper %1 marcphilippdietrichgotzwinterfeldt2017towards %A Marc Philipp Dietrich, Götz Winterfeld %B Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Consumer Electronics Berlin (ICCE-Berlin), 2017 IEEE %D 2017 %R 10.1109/ICCE-Berlin.2017.8210634 %T Towards EEG-Based Eye-Tracking for Interaction Design in Head-Mounted Devices %X Augmented Reality (AR), Mixed Reality (MR) and Virtual Reality (VR) have an increasing impact on our daily lives. They improve workers' performance in industry and medicine. In addition gaming and entertainment profit from these innovations. The enabling devices are often head-mounted. New intuitive interaction methods must be developed to control application, because conventional input devices such as keyboards, touch screens or classical touch pads cannot be used. This paper introduces electroencephalographic (EEG) eye-tracking as an additional interaction channel. Ocular artefacts (EOG) in the EEG signal are used to detect eye positions. A Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) is used to capture the data. Data is processed and EOG artefacts are extracted to compute the position of the pupil. The first test runs confirm that ocular artefacts in the EEG signal are strongly correlated with the position of the pupils. Extreme positions of the pupils (horizontal left, horizontal right, vertical up and vertical down) can be detected with high accuracy (true-positive-rate of up to 96,6%). In future tests, we successively refine the direction and speed of eye movement and verify their usage under real-time conditions.
8.
Koch, R., Böttcher, L., Jahrsdörfer, M., Maier, J., Trommer, M., May, S., Nüchter, A.: Out of lab calibration of a rotating 2D scanner for 3D mapping. Proceedings of the International Society for Optics and Photonics SPIE optical metrology, Videometrics, Range Imaging, and Applications. pp. 10332 – 10332 . , Munich, Germany (2017).
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ] [ DOI ]
 
Mapping is an essential task in mobile robotics. To fulfil advanced navigation and manipulation tasks a 3D representation of the environment is required. Applying stereo cameras or Time-of-flight cameras (TOF cameras) are one way to archive this requirement. Unfortunately, they suffer from drawbacks which makes it difficult to map properly. Therefore, costly 3D laser scanners are applied. An inexpensive way to build a 3D representation is to use a 2D laser scanner and rotate the scan plane around an additional axis. A 3D point cloud acquired with such a custom device consists of multiple 2D line scans. Therefore the scanner pose of each line scan need to be determined as well as parameters resulting from a calibration to generate a 3D point cloud. Using external sensor systems are a common method to determine these calibration parameters. This is costly and difficult when the robot needs to be calibrated outside the lab. Thus, this work presents a calibration method applied on a rotating 2D laser scanner. It uses a hardware setup to identify the required parameters for calibration. This hardware setup is light, small, and easy to transport. Hence, an out of lab calibration is possible. Additional a theoretical model was created to test the algorithm and analyse impact of the scanner accuracy. The hardware components of the 3D scanner system are an HOKUYO UTM-30LX-EW 2D laser scanner, a Dynamixel servo-motor, and a control unit. The calibration system consists of an hemisphere. In the inner of the hemisphere a circular plate is mounted. The algorithm needs to be provided with a dataset of a single rotation from the laser scanner. To achieve a proper calibration result the scanner needs to be located in the middle of the hemisphere. By means of geometric formulas the algorithms determine the individual deviations of the placed laser scanner. In order to minimize errors, the algorithm solves the formulas in an iterative process. First, the calibration algorithm was tested with an ideal hemisphere model created in Matlab. Second, laser scanner was mounted differently, the scanner position and the rotation axis was modified. In doing so, every deviation, was compared with the algorithm results. Several measurement settings were tested repeatedly with the 3D scanner system and the calibration system. The results show that the length accuracy of the laser scanner is most critical. It influences the required size of the hemisphere and the calibration accuracy.
@inproceedings{SPIE2017, abstract = {Mapping is an essential task in mobile robotics. To fulfil advanced navigation and manipulation tasks a 3D representation of the environment is required. Applying stereo cameras or Time-of-flight cameras (TOF cameras) are one way to archive this requirement. Unfortunately, they suffer from drawbacks which makes it difficult to map properly. Therefore, costly 3D laser scanners are applied. An inexpensive way to build a 3D representation is to use a 2D laser scanner and rotate the scan plane around an additional axis. A 3D point cloud acquired with such a custom device consists of multiple 2D line scans. Therefore the scanner pose of each line scan need to be determined as well as parameters resulting from a calibration to generate a 3D point cloud. Using external sensor systems are a common method to determine these calibration parameters. This is costly and difficult when the robot needs to be calibrated outside the lab. Thus, this work presents a calibration method applied on a rotating 2D laser scanner. It uses a hardware setup to identify the required parameters for calibration. This hardware setup is light, small, and easy to transport. Hence, an out of lab calibration is possible. Additional a theoretical model was created to test the algorithm and analyse impact of the scanner accuracy. The hardware components of the 3D scanner system are an HOKUYO UTM-30LX-EW 2D laser scanner, a Dynamixel servo-motor, and a control unit. The calibration system consists of an hemisphere. In the inner of the hemisphere a circular plate is mounted. The algorithm needs to be provided with a dataset of a single rotation from the laser scanner. To achieve a proper calibration result the scanner needs to be located in the middle of the hemisphere. By means of geometric formulas the algorithms determine the individual deviations of the placed laser scanner. In order to minimize errors, the algorithm solves the formulas in an iterative process. First, the calibration algorithm was tested with an ideal hemisphere model created in Matlab. Second, laser scanner was mounted differently, the scanner position and the rotation axis was modified. In doing so, every deviation, was compared with the algorithm results. Several measurement settings were tested repeatedly with the 3D scanner system and the calibration system. The results show that the length accuracy of the laser scanner is most critical. It influences the required size of the hemisphere and the calibration accuracy.}, address = {Munich, Germany}, author = {Koch, R. and B{ö}ttcher, L. and Jahrsd{ö}rfer, M. and Maier, J. and Trommer, M. and May, S. and N{ü}chter, A.}, booktitle = {Proceedings optical metrology, Photonics SPIE}, journal = {Proceedings of the International Society for Optics and Photonics SPIE optical metrology, Videometrics, Range Imaging, and Applications}, keywords = {RK}, month = {June}, pages = {10332 - 10332 - 8}, title = {{Out of lab calibration of a rotating 2D scanner for 3D mapping}}, volume = 10332, year = 2017 }
%0 Conference Paper %1 SPIE2017 %A Koch, R. %A Böttcher, L. %A Jahrsdörfer, M. %A Maier, J. %A Trommer, M. %A May, S. %A Nüchter, A. %B Proceedings optical metrology, Photonics SPIE %C Munich, Germany %D 2017 %J Proceedings of the International Society for Optics and Photonics SPIE optical metrology, Videometrics, Range Imaging, and Applications %P 10332 - 10332 - 8 %R 10.1117/12.2270298 %T Out of lab calibration of a rotating 2D scanner for 3D mapping %U https://robotik.informatik.uni-wuerzburg.de/telematics/download/spie2017.pdf %V 10332 %X Mapping is an essential task in mobile robotics. To fulfil advanced navigation and manipulation tasks a 3D representation of the environment is required. Applying stereo cameras or Time-of-flight cameras (TOF cameras) are one way to archive this requirement. Unfortunately, they suffer from drawbacks which makes it difficult to map properly. Therefore, costly 3D laser scanners are applied. An inexpensive way to build a 3D representation is to use a 2D laser scanner and rotate the scan plane around an additional axis. A 3D point cloud acquired with such a custom device consists of multiple 2D line scans. Therefore the scanner pose of each line scan need to be determined as well as parameters resulting from a calibration to generate a 3D point cloud. Using external sensor systems are a common method to determine these calibration parameters. This is costly and difficult when the robot needs to be calibrated outside the lab. Thus, this work presents a calibration method applied on a rotating 2D laser scanner. It uses a hardware setup to identify the required parameters for calibration. This hardware setup is light, small, and easy to transport. Hence, an out of lab calibration is possible. Additional a theoretical model was created to test the algorithm and analyse impact of the scanner accuracy. The hardware components of the 3D scanner system are an HOKUYO UTM-30LX-EW 2D laser scanner, a Dynamixel servo-motor, and a control unit. The calibration system consists of an hemisphere. In the inner of the hemisphere a circular plate is mounted. The algorithm needs to be provided with a dataset of a single rotation from the laser scanner. To achieve a proper calibration result the scanner needs to be located in the middle of the hemisphere. By means of geometric formulas the algorithms determine the individual deviations of the placed laser scanner. In order to minimize errors, the algorithm solves the formulas in an iterative process. First, the calibration algorithm was tested with an ideal hemisphere model created in Matlab. Second, laser scanner was mounted differently, the scanner position and the rotation axis was modified. In doing so, every deviation, was compared with the algorithm results. Several measurement settings were tested repeatedly with the 3D scanner system and the calibration system. The results show that the length accuracy of the laser scanner is most critical. It influences the required size of the hemisphere and the calibration accuracy.
9.
Koch, R., May, S., Nüchter, A.: Effective Distinction Of Transparent And Specular Reflective Objects In Point Clouds Of A Multi-Echo Laser Scanner. Proceedings of the 18th IEEE International Conference on Advanced Robotics (ICAR ’17). pp. 566–571. , Hong Kong, China (2017).
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ EndNote ] [ DOI ]
 
A favoured sensor for mapping is a 3D laser scanner since it allows a wide scanning range, precise measurements, and is usable indoor and outdoor. Hence, a mapping module delivers detailed and high resolution maps which makes it possible to navigate safely. Difficulties result from transparent and specular reflective objects which cause erroneous and dubious measurements. At such objects, based on the incident angle, measurements result from the object surface, an object behind the transparent surface, or an object mirrored with respect to the reflective surface. This paper describes an enhanced Pre-Filter-Module to distinguish between these cases. Two experiments demonstrate the usability and show that for single scans the identification of mentioned objects in 3D is possible. The first experiment was made in an empty room with a mirror. The second experiment was made in a stairway which contains a glass door. Further, results show that a discrimination between a specular reflective and a transparent object is possible. Especially for transparent objects the detected size is restricted to the incident angle. That is why future work concentrates on implementing a post-filter module. Gained experience shows that collecting the data of multiple scans and postprocess them as soon as the object was bypassed will improve the map.
@inproceedings{ICAR2017, abstract = {A favoured sensor for mapping is a 3D laser scanner since it allows a wide scanning range, precise measurements, and is usable indoor and outdoor. Hence, a mapping module delivers detailed and high resolution maps which makes it possible to navigate safely. Difficulties result from transparent and specular reflective objects which cause erroneous and dubious measurements. At such objects, based on the incident angle, measurements result from the object surface, an object behind the transparent surface, or an object mirrored with respect to the reflective surface. This paper describes an enhanced Pre-Filter-Module to distinguish between these cases. Two experiments demonstrate the usability and show that for single scans the identification of mentioned objects in 3D is possible. The first experiment was made in an empty room with a mirror. The second experiment was made in a stairway which contains a glass door. Further, results show that a discrimination between a specular reflective and a transparent object is possible. Especially for transparent objects the detected size is restricted to the incident angle. That is why future work concentrates on implementing a post-filter module. Gained experience shows that collecting the data of multiple scans and postprocess them as soon as the object was bypassed will improve the map.}, address = {Hong Kong, China}, author = {Koch, R. and May, S. and N{ü}chter, A.}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 18th IEEE International Conference on Advanced Robotics (ICAR '17)}, keywords = {RK}, month = {July}, pages = {566--571}, title = {{Effective Distinction Of Transparent And Specular Reflective Objects In Point Clouds Of A Multi-Echo Laser Scanner}}, year = 2017 }
%0 Conference Paper %1 ICAR2017 %A Koch, R. %A May, S. %A Nüchter, A. %B Proceedings of the 18th IEEE International Conference on Advanced Robotics (ICAR '17) %C Hong Kong, China %D 2017 %P 566--571 %R 10.1109/ICAR.2017.8023667 %T Effective Distinction Of Transparent And Specular Reflective Objects In Point Clouds Of A Multi-Echo Laser Scanner %U https://robotik.informatik.uni-wuerzburg.de/telematics/download/icar2017.pdf %X A favoured sensor for mapping is a 3D laser scanner since it allows a wide scanning range, precise measurements, and is usable indoor and outdoor. Hence, a mapping module delivers detailed and high resolution maps which makes it possible to navigate safely. Difficulties result from transparent and specular reflective objects which cause erroneous and dubious measurements. At such objects, based on the incident angle, measurements result from the object surface, an object behind the transparent surface, or an object mirrored with respect to the reflective surface. This paper describes an enhanced Pre-Filter-Module to distinguish between these cases. Two experiments demonstrate the usability and show that for single scans the identification of mentioned objects in 3D is possible. The first experiment was made in an empty room with a mirror. The second experiment was made in a stairway which contains a glass door. Further, results show that a discrimination between a specular reflective and a transparent object is possible. Especially for transparent objects the detected size is restricted to the incident angle. That is why future work concentrates on implementing a post-filter module. Gained experience shows that collecting the data of multiple scans and postprocess them as soon as the object was bypassed will improve the map.